Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς); ωκεανόδρομο(ς) (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους ? - 100 m. Subtropical; 46°N - 20°N, 116°E - 153°W
Northwest Pacific: Japan and the eastern Korean Peninsula to the Hawaiian Islands.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 9988); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 40.0 kg (Ref. 9988)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 6 - 7; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 29 - 36; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 17 - 22; Σπόνδυλοι: 24. Scutes absent. Compared to S. lalandi, the species' dorsoposterior corner of upper jaw is angular (versus rounded) and the pectoral and pelvic fins are almost equal in length (versus pectoral shorter than pelvic fin).
Adults exhibit shoaling habit (Ref. 9988). They feed on plankton. Juveniles are found among floating seaweeds (Ref. 12114, 12115). Collection of young is the basis for prosperous aquaculture in Japan. Raised in captivity and marketed fresh for sashimi (Ref. 9988).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: πολύ εμπορικό; Υδατοκαλλιέργειες: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00618 - 0.03226), b=2.94 (2.74 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.65 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (K=0.3-0.5).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.38 - 0.85, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (100 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 52.4 [32.1, 127.7] mg/100g; Iron = 1.36 [0.76, 2.65] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [16.0, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.334 [0.213, 0.557] g/100g; Selenium = 37.3 [19.1, 79.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.4 [2.2, 126.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.428 [0.301, 0.639] mg/100g (wet weight);
