分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Polynemidae (Threadfins)
馬鮁科 (Threadfins)
Etymology: Polydactylus: Greek, poly = a lot of + greek, daktylos = finger (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Lay & Bennett.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 60 m (Ref. 91172). 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 12°S, 122°W - 77°W (Ref. 57343)
Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay, California, USA to Callao, Peru. One record from the Galapagos Islands. Rare north of Baja California, Mexico (Ref. 2850). Record from Chile (Ref. 9068) needs to be verified (Ref. 57343).
東太平洋: 在美國加州到祕魯的蒙德勒海灣, 包括加拉巴哥群島; 墨西哥的下加利福尼亞稀有北方。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.8 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 115882); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55763)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 11 - 13; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 13 - 15; 脊椎骨: 24. Body grayish, no stripes or spots. Lip on lower jaw well developed. Dentary teeth restricted to dorsal surface. Maxilla not covered with scales. Pectoral filaments 6; longest not reaching beyond level of posterior end of anal fin base. Lateral line bifurcated on caudal fin membranes, extending to posterior margins of upper and lower caudal fin lobes. Swim bladder present (Ref. 45049).
身體淺灰色又沒有斑紋或斑點。 在下頜發展良好的上的唇。 齒骨齒侷限於背面了。 顎骨不覆蓋著鱗片了。 胸的絲狀突起 6; 長的不超過臀鰭基底的後端的水平。 側線在被延伸至上、下尾鰭葉的後緣的尾鰭薄膜上分叉了。 有泳鰾.(參考文獻 45049)
Found in shallow water near the coast, on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 9332). Larvae and small juveniles (>4 cm) are pelagic and sometimes occur several hundred kilometers offshore, whereas the larger juveniles and adults prefer shallow near-shore waters like bays, sloughs or estuaries where the bottom is sandy or muddy (Ref. 28023). Omnivorous, feeds on worms, sand crabs, shrimp, clams; sometimes feeds on fish like small anchovy (Ref. 28023). Esteemed food fish where it occurs (Ref. 57343). Also Ref. 55763.
在沙與泥底部上,發現於在海岸附近的淺水區.。 (參考文獻 9332) 仔魚與小的稚魚 (>4 公分) 是大洋性的而且有時出現幾百個公里外海, 然而較大的稚魚與成魚偏愛水淺的像底部是沙或泥濘的海灣，泥坑或者河口的近岸水域。 (參考文獻 28023) 雜食性,吃蠕蟲，沙子螃蟹，蝦，蛤; 有時吃像小的鯷魚魚。 (參考文獻 28023) 讚賞食用魚在那裡它出現.(參考文獻 57343) 也參考文獻 55763.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
東太平洋: 在美國加州到祕魯的蒙德勒海灣, 包括加拉巴哥群島; 墨西哥的下加利福尼亞稀有北方。
Motomura, H., 2004. Threadfins of the world (Family Polynemidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date. FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. Rome: FAO. 3:117 p. (Ref. 57343)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.5 - 29, mean 25.9 °C (based on 273 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00433 - 0.00962), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 101 [51, 203] mg/100g; Iron = 1.13 [0.58, 2.10] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [18.6, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.402 [0.275, 0.617] g/100g; Selenium = 24.2 [12.8, 48.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.48 [3.93, 22.61] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.904 [0.619, 1.327] mg/100g (wet weight);
