Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; تغييرات عمق 0 - 8 m (Ref. 9310). Subtropical; 37°N - 20°N, 123°W - 105°W
Eastern Central Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Gulf of California.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 9310)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 11; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 10 - 11; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 10; مهره ها: 25. This species is distinguished by the following characters: interorbital region scaleless; mouth terminal; teeth incisiform; 5-9 vertical dark bands on body; D XI,10-11 rays; A III,10; gill rakers 4-5 + 11-12; 49-55 lateral line scales, of which 45-49 have pores; longitudinal row 43-49 scales; cheek scales 5-6; postorbital scales 7-8; precaudal vertebrae 10, caudal vertebrae 15; pterygiophores, 19-20 on dorsal, 11 on anal (Ref. 95491).
Inhabit shallow inshore areas to 8 m depth (Ref. 9310); coastal rocky reefs and reef flats with algal growth (Ref. 95491). Exclusively herbivorous (Ref. 95491). Encountered frequently in schools near Abudefduf troschelii. Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049). Also caught with harpoons (Ref. 9310).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).
Knudsen, S.W. and K.D. Clements, 2013. Revision of the fish family Kyphosidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Zootaxa 3751(1):001-101. (Ref. 95491)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.2 - 26.9, mean 23.2 °C (based on 114 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.00836 - 0.03295), b=3.04 (2.86 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 70.1 [34.6, 122.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.874 [0.485, 1.586] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [16.4, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.172 [0.086, 0.344] g/100g; Selenium = 21.1 [8.3, 49.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.5 [2.2, 44.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.04 [0.71, 1.61] mg/100g (wet weight);
