分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Menticirrhus: Latin, mentum = beard, chin + Latin, cirrus = curly.
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 14 m (Ref. 9118). 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 21°S, 123°W - 68°W
Eastern Pacific: California, USA to Peru.
東太平洋: 美國加州到祕魯。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 71.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); 最大体重: 3.9 kg (Ref. 2850); 最大年龄: 8 年 (Ref. 56049)
Occur along sandy shores and in bays, usually in sandy surfs of exposed outer coast. Usually found in small groups; larger fish are more solitary. Feed on sand crabs, other small crustaceans, and worms (Ref. 9118). Spawning begins in July (Ref. 9118). Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Cannot produce croaking sounds due to lack of air bladder. Considered a good food fish and is common in markets (Ref. 9118).
生活在沿着沙的海岸与在海湾中, 通常在裸露外部的海岸沙海浪。 通常发现于小群鱼群; 较大的鱼更独居性。 捕食沙子螃蟹，其他的小型甲壳动物，与蠕虫。 (参考文献 9118) 产卵在七月开始。 (参考文献 9118) 大洋性产卵鱼.(参考文献 56049) 不能够生产嗄嗄叫声音由于没有气管。 被认为是一个好食用鱼而且是常见于市场了。 (参考文献 9118)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).東太平洋: 美國加州到祕魯。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.8 - 28.9, mean 23.6 °C (based on 262 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00531 - 0.01641), b=3.03 (2.88 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2.5; tmax=8).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
