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> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: More on authors: Jordan & Eigenmann.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 5 - 91 m (Ref. 9710). Subtropical; 37°N - 4°N, 98°W - 51°W

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Western Atlantic: North Carolina to Florida in USA and the entire Gulf of Mexico to Venezuela; possibly to Brazil. The name Equetus acuminatus was misapplied to this species.

Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 7251); common length : 15.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 5217)

Found over soft bottoms (Ref. 9626) of coastal waters. Secretive but approachable (Ref. 9710). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35408).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες

Oviparous (Ref. 240).

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες

Smith-Vaniz, W.F., B.B. Collette and B.E. Luckhurst, 1999. Fishes of Bermuda: history, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 4. 424 p. (Ref. 35505)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 24 January 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας

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Διαδικτυακές πηγές

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23 - 27.9, mean 25.6 °C (based on 322 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00575 (0.00278 - 0.01190), b=3.11 (2.93 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 52.6 [20.1, 107.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.616 [0.286, 1.222] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [18.4, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.148 [0.071, 0.278] g/100g; Selenium = 18.6 [8.0, 43.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 48.5 [11.8, 228.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.885 [0.527, 1.448] mg/100g (wet weight);

Pareques umbrosus (Jordan & Eigenmann, 1889)