分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Atractoscion: Greek, atraktos, arrow + Greek, skion, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 122 m (Ref. 2850). 亞熱帶的; 65°N - 22°N
Eastern Pacific: Alaska to southern Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California.
東太平洋: 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部與加州灣。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 166 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 100.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9118); 最大体重: 41.0 kg (Ref. 2850); 最大年龄: 20 年 (Ref. 56049)
背棘 (总数) : 10 - 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 20 - 23; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 9; 脊椎骨: 24. Pelvic fins with fleshy appendage at base.
在基底的腹鳍有肉质的附肢。
Often in schools over rocky bottom and in kelp beds (Ref. 2850). Also found in the surf zone (Ref. 2850). Young in bays and along sandy beaches (Ref. 2850). Feed on fishes, squids, and crayfish (Ref. 6885). Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Excellent food fish (Ref. 9118).
常形成鱼群遍及岩石的底部与在海藻床中.(参考文献 2850) 也发现于海浪区。 (参考文献 2850) 幼鱼在海湾而且沿着沙滩。 (参考文献 2850) 捕食鱼，乌贼与小龙虾。 (参考文献 6885) 大洋性产卵鱼.(参考文献 56049) 优良的食用鱼.(参考文献 9118)
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).東太平洋: 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部與加州灣。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9 - 22.9, mean 12.8 °C (based on 76 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00404 - 0.01563), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.13; tm=4; tmax=20).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 34.4 [18.9, 68.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.84 [0.43, 1.49] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [18.7, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.289 [0.167, 0.463] g/100g; Selenium = 38 [18, 79] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.2 [3.3, 39.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.43 [0.31, 0.64] mg/100g (wet weight);
