分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Percina: Latin, diminutive of perch = perch (Ref. 45335); caprodes: Percina=a small perch; caprodes, Greek for resembling a pig (referring to the snout) (Ref. 79012).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性. 溫帶; 60°N - 30°N
North America: St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay and Mississippi River basins from Quebec to Saskatchewan in Canada south to Gulf of Mexico; and Atlantic and Gulf Slope drainages in the USA.
北美洲: 聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣與從魁北克到加拿大的薩斯卡萬的密西西比河流域南至墨西哥灣; 而且在美國的大西洋斜坡與海灣斜坡流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 12.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 3.00 年 (Ref. 12193)
Most common over gravel and sand in medium-sized rivers but can be found almost anywhere from small, fast-flowing rock-bottomed streams to vegetated lakes (Ref. 5723, 10294). Adults feed on larvae of midges, mayflies, caddisflies (especially hydropsychids), riffle beetles, stoneflies, limpets, and fish eggs (Ref. 10294). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).
在中等大小的河中最常见砾石之上与沙子但是几乎在任何地方被发现于从小的, 快速流动的岩质底的溪流到长满植物的湖泊。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Spawns in running water on sand or fine roots over sand (Ref. 7471). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).北美洲: 聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣與從魁北克到加拿大的薩斯卡萬的密西西比河流域南至墨西哥灣; 而且在美國的大西洋斜坡與海灣斜坡流域。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00235 - 0.01227), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=3; Fec=97-611).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
