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> Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) > Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); gracile: gracile (Latin)=slender or thin (Ref. 1094, Ref.79012).
More on author: Girard.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

; süßwasser benthopelagisch. Subtropical; 41°N - 28°N

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North America: Mississippi River basin from central Illinois and northeastern Missouri to Louisiana; extends up Arkansas and Red River drainages to southeastern Kansas and eastern Oklahoma; and Gulf Slope drainages from Tombigbee River (1 record) in Mississippi to Nueces River in Texas in the USA.

Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 6.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5723); common length : 4.3 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 12193); max. veröff. Alter: 4 Jahre (Ref. 12193)

Occur in standing or slow-flowing water over mud, often in vegetation (Ref. 5723, 10294). Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded (Ref. 7043).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded (Ref. 7043).

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Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 December 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00235 - 0.01227), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (tmax=4).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).

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Etheostoma gracile (Girard, 1859)