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Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); fonticola: From the Greek etheo=to strain and stoma=mouth; fonticola=fountain dweller (Ref. 79012).
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة. Subtropical; 31°N - 29°N
North America: found only in San Marcos and Comal springs and their effluent rivers (Guadalupe River system) in southern central Texas, USA.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 4.3 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5723); common length : 2.9 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 12193)
وصف مختصر
مفاتيح التعريف | الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 6 - 8; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 10 - 13; شوكة شرجية: 1; أشعه شرجية لينه: 5 - 8; فقرات: 32 - 33.
Occur in vegetated springs, pools and runs of effluent rivers (Ref. 5723). Feed primarily on cladocerans, copepods, amphipods, and aquatic insects (Ref. 54633). Spawn throughout the year (Ref. 75081) at 33-day interval (Ref. 31966). Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded (Ref. 7043).
Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded (Ref. 7043).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
في خطر (EN) (B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)); Date assessed: 12 December 2011
استخدامات بشرية
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00235 - 0.01227), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Fec=760).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).