Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة القاع; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 8 - 12. Temperate; 10°C - 30°C (Ref. 1672); 35°N - 27°N
North America: USA from Cape Fear River drainage in North Carolina to Mobile Bay in Alabama; south in Florida to northern edge of Everglades.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 3.4 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5723); common length : 2.3 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 12193)
Occurs in swamps, heavily vegetated sloughs and small sluggish streams, usually over mud. Feeds on worms and crustaceans (Ref. 7020). Oviparous, eggs are deposited in aquatic vegetation, preferably on strands of Ceratophyllum sp. when available (Ref. 58020).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Male guards the eggs (Ref. 58020). Produces 40-60 eggs.
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00206 - 0.01463), b=3.14 (2.90 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Fec=25).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
