分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 0 - 60 m (Ref. 30915), usually 3 - 18 m (Ref. 5227). 亚热带的; 37°N - 22°S, 123°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: confirmed records from San Diego in California, USA to Peru including the Galapagos Islands.
Reported from the San Francisco Bay by Alexander Agassiz (Ron Fritzsche, pers.comm. 08/09).
东太平洋: 在包括加拉巴哥群岛的美国加州到秘鲁的圣地亚哥。 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 5.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 18 - 21.
描述: (以 19件标本为依据): 成鱼的高度: 13.0-19.0 公分。 环: 11+39(38-40)
吻的长度: 2.3-2.4(2.1-2.5) 分之一头长。 背鳍鳍条: 19(18-21)个覆盖 2+1个环。 胸鳍鳍条: 16.(15-17) 冠: 中等的-高的, 倾斜向后有五个在顶端很清晰点，锐利的边缘或边缘。 棘: 可变的, 从低的圆形肿块到发展良好的顶端钝的棘。 其他的显着特性: 突出的，长的 (下垂), 圆的, 单一颊的棘; 突出的眼棘;(可能是宽或几乎两倍) 雄性通常有一个突出的龙骨脊; 性成熟雌性时常在臀鳍之下有一个深色的小区块。
彩色斑纹: 淡红的-褐红色的，灰色的，和黄色的与黄金; 各种不同的有褐色阴影; 垂直地跑的细白淡色与深色的斑纹 落身体可能。
Nocturnal. Occur in offshore waters, mostly captured by dredging at 10 m or deeper. Occasionally caught at surface. Are often camouflaged within the branches of gorgonians and black coral trees where they are seen to curl their tail around the branches (Ref. 5227). Have been found in the stomachs of Pacific yellowfin tuna and bluefin tuna (Ref. 30915). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205).
夜行的。 出现在离岸水域, 大部份捕获藉由在 10 公尺或更深地拖捞网。 在表面偶而捕获。 时常在柳珊瑚的树枝与黑珊瑚树里面被伪装在那里它们被见到树枝的周围卷曲他们的尾部.(参考文献 5227) 曾经发现于太平洋黄鳍鲔鱼与蓝鳍鲔鱼的腹部。 (参考文献 30915) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 205) 雄鱼带卵在一个孵卵袋是在尾部下面发现.(参考文献 205)
Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref. 205). Gestation period is 14-15 days depending on temperature (Ref. 30915).东太平洋: 在包括加拉巴哥群岛的美国加州到秘鲁的圣地亚哥。 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.1 - 28.5, mean 24.3 °C (based on 131 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.38 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tm=0.3-0.4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 71.1 [33.9, 167.8] mg/100g; Iron = 1.28 [0.60, 2.43] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.3, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.164 [0.069, 0.364] g/100g; Selenium = 32.1 [12.6, 86.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.8 [5.6, 102.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.08 [0.61, 1.78] mg/100g (wet weight);
