Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة. Temperate; 52°N - 41°N
Western Atlantic: Newfoundland, Canada to Massachusetts, USA.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.6 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5951); common length : 3.5 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 12193); العمر: 1.00 سنين (Ref. 12193)
Adults occur near shore in beds of vegetation, often around floating vegetation a short distance from shore. Rarely enter fresh water (Ref. 7251). Males build, guard and aerate the nest where the eggs are deposited (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Males build, guard and aerate the nest where the eggs are deposited (Ref. 205).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.3 - 9, mean 6.2 °C (based on 188 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00408 - 0.02689), b=3.07 (2.85 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (tmax=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
