分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海底的; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 50 - 1248 m (Ref. 112558), usually 50 - 550 m (Ref. 58452). 深水域; 29°N - 19°S, 19°W - 15°E (Ref. 58452)
Eastern Atlantic: off the coast of tropical West Africa, from Mauritania to Angola. Range reported to extend to off southwest Africa near Cape Frio, Namibia (Ref. 6524).
東大西洋: 外海的熱帶非洲西方部的海岸, 從茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉。 範圍報告延伸到在那米比亞的 Frio 岬附近的外海的非洲西南部。 (參考文獻 6524)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 44.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26999)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 1; 背的软条 (总数) : 45 - 52. Head large and little depressed. Pectoral fin tips usually reaching the origin of anal fin in small but not in large individuals. Scales easily shed. Color usually blackish on back, steel gray to blackish on belly; caudal fin white-edged.
头部大的而且完全不扁平的。 胸鳍顶端通常达到臀鳍起点在小的但是不较大时个体。 鳞片容易地脱落。 颜色通常黑色的背面, 铁灰色的到黑色的在腹面上; 尾鳍边缘白色的。
Feeds mainly on small fishes and partly on squids and shrimps (Ref. 1371). Marketed mostly fresh and frozen, also used for fishmeal and oil (Ref. 1371). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 1371.
主要吃小鱼而且部分在乌贼与虾上。 (参考文献 1371) 市场上大部份生鲜地销售与冷冻的, 也制成鱼浆与油.(参考文献 1371) 最小深度报告取自参考文献 1371.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 外海的熱帶非洲西方部的海岸, 從茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉。 範圍報告延伸到在那米比亞的 Frio 岬附近的外海的非洲西南部。 (參考文獻 6524)
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.3 - 19.8, mean 14.2 °C (based on 93 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00243 - 0.00821), b=3.09 (2.93 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.63 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.39(?); assuming tm>=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.3 [5.5, 40.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.351 [0.069, 0.938] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [16.0, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.158 [0.081, 0.306] g/100g; Selenium = 28.7 [12.1, 62.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.7 [1.9, 42.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.203 [0.137, 0.312] mg/100g (wet weight);
