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> Perciformes/Gasterosteoidei (Sticklebacks) > Gasterosteidae (Sticklebacks and tubesnouts)
Etymology: Apeltes: Greek, a = without + Greek, pelte = shield (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Mitchill.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; sötvatten; brackvatten bentopelagisk; djupintervall 0 - 3 m (Ref. 85409). Temperate; 4°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 51°N - 35°N

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Western Atlantic: Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada to North Carolina, USA. Mainly a near-shore marine species, but far inland populations occur in lakes in Nova Scotia in Canada and in Hudson, Delaware and Susquehanna River drainages (Ref. 5723).

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 6.4 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5723); common length : 4.1 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 12193); rapporterad maxålder: 3.00 år (Ref. 12193)

Adults occur mainly along weedy bays and backwaters, entering brackish water and to a limited extent, fresh water (Ref. 3814). Feed along the bottom, primarily on diatoms, worms and crustaceans by sucking in the prey with a pipetting action (Ref. 27549). Males build, guard and aerate the nest where the eggs are deposited (Ref. 205).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

The male builds, guards and aerates the nest (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 October 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell; Akvarium: Offentliga akvarier

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatorer

Ecology
Ekologi

Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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Life cycle
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Anatomy
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References
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 4.2 - 12.7, mean 6.4 °C (based on 228 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00408 - 0.02689), b=3.07 (2.85 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.38 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 1.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.84; tmax=3).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Apeltes quadracus (Mitchill, 1815)