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> Gadiformes (Cods) > Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

laut bentopelagis; oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 50 - 800 m (Ref. 9715), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 1371). Temperate; 20°S - 56°S, 69°W - 40°W (Ref. 58452)

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

Southwest Atlantic: off southern Brazil to Argentina and the Falkland Islands up to 54°S (Ref. 47377).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: L_m 30.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 95.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 1371); common length : 50.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 1371); common length :60 cm TL (female); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 6 Tahun (Ref. 83871)

deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 1; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 43 - 52; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 36 - 41; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 50 - 53. Gill rakers short and thick with blunt tips. Pectoral fins relatively short, not reaching level of anal fin origin. Color is silvery with golden luster on back, silvery white on belly (Ref. 1371).

Adults inhabit continental shelf depths mainly between 100 and 200 m (Ref. 1371). Larger individuals feed on fish (anchovies, hake, nototheniids, myctophids and Southern blue whitings), squids and macrozooplankton (euphausiids and amphipods); smaller individuals feed on mysids and amphipods (Ref. 1371). Migrate inshore during spring and summer, and offshore into deep water wintering areas after spawning; also undertake diel vertical migrations (Ref. 1371). Sold fresh and frozen.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

An indeterminate batch spawner.

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator | mitra

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)

tidak dinilai

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

Harmless

penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: bernilai komersial tinggi

FAO - Perikanan: landings, profail spesis; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

informasi lanjut

Trophic ecology
Bahan makanan
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Pemangsa

Ecology
Ekologi

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
ukuran frekuensi
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larva
Dinamika larva

Distribution
Negara-negara
Daerah-daerah FAO
Ecosystems
Kemunculan
Introduksi
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gill areas
Otak
Otoliths

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Suara-suara ikan
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetika
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities

Human related
Aquaculture systems
profil budidaya air
Strain
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

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Taxonomy
Nama-nama umum
Sinonim (persamaan)
Morfologi
Morfometrik
Gambar

References
Acuan

Alat, peralatan

laporan khas

semak penyelenggaraan akuarium | semak helaian fakta spesis | semak helaian fakta aqulcalture

muat turun XML

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Sumber internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 4.5 - 18, mean 6.3 °C (based on 214 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00401 - 0.00571), b=3.09 (3.04 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.61 se; based on food items.

Daya lenting (Ref. 120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (K=0.13-0.19; tm=6).

Prior r = 0.42, 95% CL = 0.27 - 0.62, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).

kategori harga (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 7.82 [4.21, 23.00] mg/100g; Iron = 0.186 [0.070, 0.427] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [16, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.243 [0.148, 0.389] g/100g; Selenium = 31.6 [14.8, 68.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.8 [6.1, 78.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.308 [0.217, 0.436] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933