Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ; ນ້ຳຈືດ; ນ້ຳກ່ອຍ; ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 30 - ? m (Ref. 10943). Temperate; 34°N - 17°S
Northwest Pacific: Yellow Sea, Pohai Sea, Japan Sea, and the Pacific coast of Japan, extending north to Sakhalin and to Preobrazheniye Bight and Vladivostok in the Gulf of Peter the Great. Recorded from the lower part of the Yangtze River in China. Occurrence of this species south to the Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan needs verification.
Length at first maturity / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 17 - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 637)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 0; ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 14 - 18; ຄີ(ໜາມ) ແຂງຢູ່ຄີກົ້ນປາ
ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກແຂງ
ຄວາມຖີ່ຂອງກຸ່ມຖ່າຍທອດພັນ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລແລະໄປໄຂ່ຢູ່ນ້ຳຈືດ
ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ
ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫັຼງ
ການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກ: 0; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 15 - 18; ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫຼັງ: 59 - 63. Anterior branch of its preorbital canal curved forward at an angle of about 90°. Predorsal scales 66-81; vertebrae 59-63; pectoral fin rays 12-14, usually 13. Lower jaw shorter than head length.
Common in inshore waters. Occurs in the lower part of the Yangtze River in China (Ref. 10943). Forms small schools and feed mainly on zooplankton. Meat delicious. Also caught with dip nets. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | ການສືບພັນ | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Collette, B.B. and J. Su, 1986. The halfbeaks (Pisces, Beloniformes, Hemiramphidae) of the Far East. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 138(1):250-301. (Ref. 10943)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.9 - 21.7, mean 18.4 °C (based on 8 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00209 (0.00116 - 0.00377), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (Assuming tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (76 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 184 [45, 406] mg/100g; Iron = 0.57 [0.20, 1.52] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [15.5, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.542 [0.235, 1.493] g/100g; Selenium = 6.23 [2.17, 16.26] μg/100g; VitaminA = 47.2 [10.8, 216.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.747 [0.304, 1.983] mg/100g (wet weight);