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Siluriformes (Catfishes)
鯰形目 (Catfishes) >
Ariidae (Sea catfishes)
海鯰科 (Sea catfishes) > Galeichthyinae
Etymology: Galeichthys: Greek, galeos = a shark + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 ? - 120 m (Ref. 27121). 亞熱帶的; 23°S - 35°S, 14°E - 33°E
Southeast Atlantic: Walvis Bay, Namibia to the vicinity of East london, South Africa (Ref. 85159). Records from Guinea-Bissau as Tachysurus feliceps and from Guinea as Arius feliceps are erroneous.
東南大西洋: Bosluisbaai ， Torra 海灣與斯瓦克普或沃爾維斯灣，那米比亞到南非好望角西北部。 西大西洋: 美國科德角到墨西哥灣。 西印度洋: 莫三比克的貝菈港到南非的川斯凱.(參考文獻 3876,12484) 如 Tachysurus feliceps 的來自幾內亞比索的紀錄與從幾內亞當 Arius feliceps 是錯誤的。 記錄來自馬達加斯加了。 (參考文獻 13333)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 26.3, range 25 - 27.5 cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3976); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3546)
脊椎骨: 51 - 52. This species is distinguished by the following characters: head longer than, or nearly as long as, broad; tooth patches are posterior to premaxillary band touch at midline; relatively long and thin maxillary barbel, extending at least to pectoral fin spine origin (longer in females); dorsal fin spine length more than 70% of its height; pectoral-fin spine at vertical extends at most to hind edge of dorsal fin base; deeply forked caudal fin with moderately slender, with pointed lobes, upper lobe longer; caudal peduncle approximately twice as long as deep; 11-14 gill-rakers on anterior face of first arch; upper two-thirds of body darkened, some lateral speckling and belly stark white; median anterior cranial fontanelle (of exposed skull) elongate and bullet-shaped; smooth and shallow median cranial depression, deepest posteriorly at frontal/supraoccipital suture. 10-12 pectoral fin rays; 51-52 (17 precaudal, 34-35 caudal) total vertebrae. Dimorphism of posterior (humeral) process of cleithrum obvious externally, in females, fan-shaped, in males triangular (Ref. 85159).
褐色到略灰色或綠褐色的背面, 微白色的在腹部與側面上; 腹部的中線微白色的而且從不有顏色。
Generally found in large shoals on muddy bottoms in turbid waters, usually on the coastline and estuaries. Also found in rivers (Ref. 3976). Feed on crayfish, small fish, and crabs (Ref. 27121). Considered a nuisance of shore and ski-boat anglers in southern Africa as little else is caught (Ref. 12484). Spines are poisonous and wounds should be treated immediately. Marketed smoked (Ref. 36731).
通常在混濁的水域中的泥底部上發現於大群魚群., 通常在海岸線與河口上。 也發現於河。 (參考文獻 3976) 吃小龍蝦，小魚與螃蟹。 (參考文獻 27121) 當一點點別的被捕捉的時候，被認為是一個在非洲南部中的海岸討厭的東西與雪橇船垂釣者.。 (參考文獻 12484) 棘是有毒的，而且創傷應該緊鄰處理。 在市場上銷售煙燻。 (參考文獻 36731)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
A paternal mouthbrooder. 東南大西洋: Bosluisbaai ， Torra 海灣與斯瓦克普或沃爾維斯灣，那米比亞到南非好望角西北部。 西大西洋: 美國科德角到墨西哥灣。 西印度洋: 莫三比克的貝菈港到南非的川斯凱.(參考文獻 3876,12484) 如 Tachysurus feliceps 的來自幾內亞比索的紀錄與從幾內亞當 Arius feliceps 是錯誤的。 記錄來自馬達加斯加了。 (參考文獻 13333)
Kulongowski, C., 2010. Revision of the ariid catfish genus Galeichthys Valenciennes (subfamily Galeichthyinae), with description of a new species from South Africa and designation of a neotype for G. ater Castelnau. Smithiania Bull. (12):9-23. (Ref. 85159)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.5 - 27.7, mean 24.7 °C (based on 222 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00476 - 0.01595), b=2.98 (2.81 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming tm=2-3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 58.8 [31.1, 163.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.982 [0.617, 1.768] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [16.4, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.447 [0.242, 0.840] g/100g; Selenium = 28.8 [15.4, 56.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.4 [4.9, 32.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.798 [0.538, 1.212] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
