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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Forsskål.
Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino associati a barriera corallina; distribuzione batimetrica 1 - 150 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 35°N - 33°S, 31°E - 134°W (Ref. 55)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Line and Society islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia.
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 21.5  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 56.8 cm FL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 125599); common length : 45.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 5450); peso massimo pubblicato: 2.8 kg (Ref. 125599); Età massima riportata: 24 anni (Ref. 107770)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 10; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 13 - 14; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep; greatest depth 2.2-2.5 in SL; preopercular notch and knob well developed; vomerine tooth patch crescentic, without a medial posterior extension; gill rakers of first gill arch 9-10 + 115-20 = 25-30 (including rudiments); caudal fin distinctly forked with rounded lobes. Colour red to greyish, an orange hue on lower part of opercle and in pectoral fin axil; fins red (pectoral fins) or usually dark brown to blackish; soft part of dorsal fin, anal and caudal fins with a narrow white margin; juveniles with a large round black spot at base of caudal fin (Ref. 9821, 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults mainly inhabit coral reefs, sometimes forming large aggregations, which are mostly stationary during the day. Juveniles occur in seagrass beds, also in mixed sand and coral habitats of shallow sheltered reefs (Ref. 1602). Sub-adults commonly form very large schools that are stationary or drift slowly along slopes during the day. Large individuals along coastal slopes at moderate depths (Ref. 48635). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on fishes, and a variety of invertebrates including shrimps, crabs, lobsters, stomatopods, cephalopods, echinoderms and ophiuroids (Ref. 55). Caught mainly with handlines, traps, and gill nets. Commonly sold fresh. Sometimes causes ciguatera poisoning, particularly around the Pacific islands (Ref. 9821).
Off East Africa spawning occurs mainly during spring and summer.
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 9710)
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si; Acquario: Acquari pubblici
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Temperatura preferita (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 24.5 - 29.1, mean 28 °C (based on 2228 cells).
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.01404 - 0.01709), b=2.97 (2.95 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 4.1 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.06-0.7; tmax=24; Fec >10,000).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
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Vulnerabilità climatica (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
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Nutrienti (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 31.8 [20.8, 43.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.323 [0.211, 0.482] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.1, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.148 [0.108, 0.199] g/100g; Selenium = 72.2 [50.0, 100.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 137 [26, 492] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.406 [0.333, 0.555] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.