Issue
Currently not valid at species level according to Uilein et al. (2024; Ref. 130857): there is not enough evidence to retain this taxon at species level (it is often cited at subspecies level anyway). This reference announces a revisio of the genus Mullus. Corrections will be made when the revision is published
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 100 - 300 m (Ref. 4845). Temperate; 47°N - 41°N, 27°E - 42°E
Black Sea and Sea of Azov.
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.9 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 86700); ນ້ຳໜັກສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍຈັດພີມມາ: 161.14 g (Ref. 86700)
Occurs over mud, sand and gravel bottoms of the continental shelf. Feeds on small benthic invertebrates (crustaceans, worms and mollusks) (Ref. 4845).
Life cycle and mating behavior
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ | ການສືບພັນ | ການວາງໄຂ່ | ໄຂ່ | ຄວາມດົກຂອງໄຂ່ປາ | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Hureau, J.-C., 1986. Mullidae. p. 877-882. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4845)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ເຄື່ອງມື
Special reports
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = No PD50 data [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00544 - 0.01272), b=3.08 (2.96 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.44 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
