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Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Mochokidae (Squeakers or upside-down catfishes) > Mochokinae
Etymology: Synodontis: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: ? - 30; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060)
Africa: found practically in all basins of West Africa, except for the coastal basins of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia (Ref. 57223), but including Senegal, Gambia, Volta, Niger and Chad basins (Ref. 3202), and Cross River in Nigeria (Ref. 81251). Also Nile basin downstream of Murchison Falls, including Lake Albert (Ref. 28714, 78218); Lake Turkana (Ref. 52331, 78218); and Ethiopian lakes Abaya and Chew Bahir [= Stephanie] (Ref. 78218). Also reported from Uebi Guiba (Uebi Shebeli) (Ref. 3202). Reports from Athi and Tana rivers are misidentifications probably refering to Synodontis zanzibaricus (Ref. 52331).
非洲: 尼羅河流域， Abaia ，斯蒂芬妮，魯道夫湖, Tana?, Uebi Guiba(Uebi Shebeli) ，查德，尼日，塞內加爾, 佛塔河?。 也已知來自幾內亞，獅子山與賴比瑞亞。 (參考文獻 7362)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 19.7, range 12 - 17 cm
Max length : 37.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 57223); 最大体重: 500.00 g (Ref. 3799); 最大年龄: 12 年 (Ref. 72479)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 1; 背的软条 (总数) : 6 - 7; 臀棘: 0. Diagnosis: gill slits not extending ventrally beyond pectoral-fin insertions (Ref. 28714, 57223). Body long, its depth 20-29% of SL (Ref. 28714). Post-orbital length at least 60% of snout length (Ref. 57223, 81251). Eye contained 1.75-2.25 times in interorbital width (Ref. 4903). Maxillary barbels longer than head (Ref. 57223, 81251) but not reaching to pelvic fins (Ref. 57223), unbranched and without tubercles (Ref. 57223, 81251) or distinct basal membrane (Ref. 28714, 57223, 81251). Outer mandibular barbels with few, rather short and simple ramifications (Ref. 57223, 81251). Branches of inner mandibular barbels few, short, simple and tuberculate (Ref. 57223, 81251), at least the anterior ones (Ref. 57223). Mandibular teeth moderately developed (Ref. 57223), movable (Ref. 81251), numbering 24-39 (Ref. 57223, 81251). Entire margin of opercle smooth (Ref. 81251). Dorsal- and pectoral-fin spines straight (Ref. 57223). Pectoral spines strongly serrated with twice the number of serrations along anterior edge than posterior edge (Ref. 81251), denticulations weaker on outer than on inner margin (Ref. 4903, 57223). Dorsal spine prolonged by a short filament (Ref. 81251), smooth anteriorly (Ref. 57223, 81251) except for a few apical denticles (Ref. 57223), and few serrations along posterior edge (Ref. 81251). However, large individuals may also have a weak denticulation on lower half of spine (Ref. 57223). Humeral process pointed and granulose, slightly keeled ventrally (Ref. 57223, 81251), its depth contained 1.8-2 times in its length (Ref. 4903), its posterior tip not or just reaching a point beneath the dorsal fin spine (Ref. 28714). Adipose fin well developed (Ref. 57223, 81251), high, rather close to rayed dorsal fin (Ref. 57223), not rayed (Ref. 28714). Body uniformly coloured or spotted body brownish dorsally, whitish ventrally (juveniles with white markings and black spots); caudal fin without single dark patch at base of each fin lobe (Ref. 81251). Maxillary barbels white or beige; outer margins of caudal-fin lobes more or less dark (Ref. 57223).
Maximum TL was recorded at 47.0 cm (Ref. 57223). Omnivore, feeds on insect larvae (Ref. 13868) (especially chironomids, Ref. 28714), nymphs, eggs and detritus (Ref. 13868). Also feeds on molluscs (predominantly, Ref. 4903), fish, bivalves in the Sudd and snails in Gezira irrigation canals (Ref. 28714). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Breeding occurs during the flood season (Ref. 28714). Utilized for human consumption.
最大的 SL 在 37.0 公分被记录。 (参考文献 7362) 杂食动物, 吃昆虫的蛹，仔鱼，卵与碎屑。 (参考文献 13868) 在 Gezira 灌溉管的浮游植物堆与蜗牛中也吃鱼二枚贝。 卵生的.(参考文献 205) 在洪水季节的时候繁殖。 (参考文献 28714) 供人类食用。
Oviparous (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).非洲: 尼羅河流域， Abaia ，斯蒂芬妮，魯道夫湖, Tana?, Uebi Guiba(Uebi Shebeli) ，查德，尼日，塞內加爾, 佛塔河?。 也已知來自幾內亞，獅子山與賴比瑞亞。 (參考文獻 7362)
Paugy, D. and T.R. Roberts, 2003. Mochokidae. p. 195-268 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57223)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.01290 - 0.02039), b=2.88 (2.83 - 2.93), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.10-0.54; tmax=3; Fec=64,273).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 115 [56, 220] mg/100g; Iron = 1.53 [0.87, 2.66] mg/100g; Protein = 16.5 [15.3, 17.7] %; Omega3 = 0.519 [0.186, 1.468] g/100g; Selenium = 122 [48, 309] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.5 [10.1, 77.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.85 [1.22, 2.69] mg/100g (wet weight);
