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Schilbe mandibularis (Günther, 1867)

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Schilbe mandibularis
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Teleostei > Siluriformes (Catfishes) 鯰形目 (Catfishes) > Schilbeidae (Schilbid catfishes) 北非鯰科 (Schilbid catfishes)
Etymology: mandibularis: Referring to the origin of the type specimen of this nominal species, collected in Liberia (Ref. 43912).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 8°N - 5°N

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Africa: St. Paul River in Liberia up to the Pra in Ghana, including the rivers St. John, Farmington, Cess/Nipoué, Cavally, San Pedro, Sassandra, Boubo, Bandama, Agnébi, Comoé and Tano Rivers (Ref. 57127). Reports from the Ouémé River in Benin and the Volta basin need confirmation; reports from the Congo basin and Wouri River (Cameroon) are based on misidentified specimens of other species (Ref. 43912).
非洲: 在賴比瑞亞到的聖保羅在迦納的 Prah 河。 包括聖約翰， Farmington ， Nipoue ，卡瓦利，尼羅，薩桑德拉河， Boubo ， Bandama ， Agnebi ， Comoe 與 Tano 河。 (參考文獻 7351)

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm 14.8, range 19 - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 43912)

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數) : 1. Diagnosis: large species, up to 300 mm SL or more (Ref. 57127). Anterior nostrils never closer to each other than the posterior ones; inner margin of pectoral-fin spine finely denticulate; 39-70 branched anal-fin rays; 8-15 gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch; adipose fin always present (Ref. 43912, 57127). Lower jaw reaching as far as or a little shorter than upper jaw; brownish longitudinal stripes along sides and anal fin (Ref. 43912).

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Found in riverine and lacustrine conditions; prefers freshwater but has also been recorded from brackish water lagoons in mixohaline water; voracious and carnivorous (Ref. 43912). Feed mainly on (terrestrial) insects (Ref. 6868, 43912) and fish, but also fruits, amphibians, small rodents and Arachnida have been found in stomachs (Ref. 43912). Oviparous, eggs are unguarded (Ref. 205).

主要捕食沖進水中的陸棲昆蟲 (膜翅目，半翅類, 鞘翅目) 與在孚游類仔魚上.(參考文獻 6868) 卵生的, 卵是沒有防衛的.(參考文獻 205)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).非洲: 在賴比瑞亞到的聖保羅在迦納的 Prah 河。 包括聖約翰， Farmington ， Nipoue ，卡瓦利，尼羅，薩桑德拉河， Boubo ， Bandama ， Agnebi ， Comoe 與 Tano 河。 (參考文獻 7351)

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

De Vos, L., 1986. Schilbeidae. p. 36-53. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3570)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 November 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00389 - 0.01070), b=3.11 (2.97 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.49 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Assuming fec > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).