分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
Eponymy: Gilbert Percy Whitley (1903–1975) was a British-born Australian ichthyologist and malacologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 170 m (Ref. 6871). 亞熱帶的; 32°S - 44°S, 115°E - 153°E (Ref. 114953)
Eastern Indian Ocean: endemic to southern Australia.
東印度洋: 澳洲的特有種。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 114953)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
Dorsal surface greyish or greyish brown with irregularly spaced white flecks, ventral surface cream or white, occasionally with greyish areas. Disc quadrangular, broader than long. Snout of moderate length, broadly rounded and knob-like at snout tip. Tail short, very depressed, broad; lateral skin folds prominent. A row of 1-5 thorns on nuchal and shoulder region, orbital and malar thorns absent. Alar thorns retractable. Tail with 1-3 rows of thorns, outer rows located near lateral margin.
背面略灰色或灰褐色的有不规则的空间白色的斑纹, 腹面乳黄色或者白色的, 偶然地有灰色的区域。 体盘四边形的, 宽度大于长度。 中等长度的吻, 宽广地圆的与像疖瘤一样的在吻顶端。 尾部短, 非常扁平的, 宽的; 侧皮褶突出的。 在颈背与肩部上的一排 1-5 刺, 眼窝的与颊刺不存在。 翼的刺可缩回的。 尾部有 1-3 列的刺 , 位于侧面的边缘附近的外部列。
Most abundant in shallow water near shore (Ref. 6871). Found over soft bottom (Ref. 7300, 75154). Recorded to be found at 345 m depth (Ref. 114953). Diet mainly consists of crabs, octopuses and small bony fishes (Ref. 114953). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Males reaches maturity at ca. 127 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205). Egg cases ca. 22 cm long, hatch size at ca. 20 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Thorny tail can inflict a minor injury (Ref. 6871).
最丰富在近岸浅水区.(参考文献 6871) 发现在软质底部上了。 (参考文献 7300) 卵生的.(参考文献 50449) 卵在贝壳上有像触角一样的突出。 (参考文献 205) 多刺的尾部能施放一个不严重的伤害。 (参考文献 6871)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).東印度洋: 澳洲的特有種。
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14 - 18.2, mean 16.3 °C (based on 139 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00141 - 0.00645), b=3.24 (3.07 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 6.63 [1.27, 32.23] mg/100g; Iron = 0.262 [0.068, 0.736] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [14.6, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.728 [0.235, 2.708] g/100g; Selenium = 13.4 [3.9, 43.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.1 [3.3, 32.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.335 [0.162, 0.594] mg/100g (wet weight);
