分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
麗魚科 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Hemichromis: Greek, hemis = half + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Peters.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 7.0 - ? ; dH range: ? - 15; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 23°C - 25°C (Ref. 2060); 27°N - 29°S, 17°W - 47°E
Africa: widely distributed in West Africa, where it is known from most hydrographic basins, from the Senegal to the Chad basins, including the West African coastal rivers and the middle and lower parts of the Chad basin (Ref. 53405, 123791). Also in the Nile basin (Ref. 5644, 28714) and in the upper Zambezi (Ref. 5644). Distribution of this species and overlap with Hemichromis elongatus unclear, but probably absent from the Congo basin (see also Ref. 43352, 52307, 53405, 81260). Introduced around 1970 in a stream fed by hot springs in Villach (Austria) (Ref. 59043).
非洲: 塞內加爾到尼羅河流域與從查德湖到 Ituri 河在剛果河流域與尚比西河上游。 也已知來自象牙海岸與迦納。 (參考文獻 272) 其他地方,廣泛分佈於非洲西方部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 8.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 123661); 最大体重: 300.00 g (Ref. 3799)
背棘 (总数) : 13 - 15; 背的软条 (总数) : 11 - 14; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 11. Diagnosis: With 5 dark blotches or cross bars on sides, often alternating with narrower intercalary bars, the first blotch confluent with the opercular spot, the fifth on caudal-fin base; upper profile of snout straight or concave (Ref. 53405). Hemichromis fasciatus can be distinguished from H. elongatus by the small black dots between the first three dark stripes on the flanks of the body of adults in most populations; it can further be distinguished from H. elongatus by a combination of overlapping morphometrics, mainly by: a high number of anal fin soft rays, 8-11 vs. 7-10; number of longitudinal line scales, 29-32 vs. 28-30; number of lower lateral line scales, 10-14 vs. 8-12; a short snout, 27.2-35.2% of head length vs. 27.4-36.4%; short premaxillary pedicel length, 38-49.7% of head length vs. 38.0-51.2%; short head length, 33.1-38.7% of standard length vs. 34.2-40.3%; short predorsal distance, 32.7-39.6% of standard length vs. 34.3-41.3%; short prepectoral distance, 32.9-40.3% of standard length vs. 35.1-42.3%; short prepelvic distance, 35.4-45.3% of standard length vs. 38.2-48.1%; Hemichromis fasciatus is distributed in West Africa while H. elongatus occurs in the southern part of Lower Guinea and the Congo basin in Cameroon (Ref. 123791).
Found in both forest and savannah biotopes (Ref. 5644); present in littoral riverine habitats and permanent floodplain lagoons with clear water. It feeds on shrimps, small fishes (Ref. 52307) and insects. The species controls large swaths of territory, even larger than those controlled by Hemichromis elongatus; breeding is similar to Hemichromis elongatus (Ref. 52307). A nesting substrate spawner which breeds in the early summer. Pair-bonding well defined (Ref. 52307). Used for tilapia control (Ref. 4537). Maximum TL was recorded at 26.5 cm.
最大体长TL记录为 26.5 公分。 出现于森林和稀树大草原生存环境;(参考文献 5644) 出现在海滨的河中栖地与永久的洪泛区泻湖，水质清澈的地方。 吃虾，昆虫与小鱼。 在初夏繁殖的一只筑巢底部产卵鱼。 用来了吴郭鱼控制。 (参考文献 4537)
Introduced individuals in Austria reported to form pairs during spawning. Female deposits eggs on exposed hard surfaces such as stones or wood. Both parents guard larvae and juveniles for 4-8 weeks (Ref. 59043).非洲: 塞內加爾到尼羅河流域與從查德湖到 Ituri 河在剛果河流域與尚比西河上游。 也已知來自象牙海岸與迦納。 (參考文獻 272) 其他地方,廣泛分佈於非洲西方部。
Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde, 1992. Cichlidae. p. 714-779. In C. Levêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome 2. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 902 p. (Ref. 7378)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 养殖: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.01281 - 0.01789), b=2.97 (2.93 - 3.01), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=1.20; Fec < 1,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 186 [102, 364] mg/100g; Iron = 1.86 [1.05, 3.60] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.515 [0.180, 1.471] g/100g; Selenium = 85.2 [32.7, 225.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 34.2 [8.7, 101.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.33 [1.54, 3.55] mg/100g (wet weight);
