Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.1 - 8.9, mean 6.8 °C (based on 219 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00343 - 0.00841), b=3.22 (3.08 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 646.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): sehr niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert mehr als 14 Jahre. (tmax>49).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.8 [9.2, 40.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.396 [0.183, 0.828] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [15.1, 18.3] %; Omega3 = 0.202 [0.096, 0.425] g/100g; Selenium = 26.5 [10.2, 69.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.1 [2.7, 64.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.374 [0.232, 0.620] mg/100g (wet weight);