分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Protomelas: Greek, protos = the first + Greek, melas, melanos = black (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Trewavas.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 8.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19. 熱帶; 22°C - 26°C (Ref. 2060); 9°S - 15°S
Africa: Endemic to the northern end and the southwest arm of Lake Malawi.
非洲: 北方的末端與西南的特有種馬拉威湖的手臂。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4996)
背棘 (總數) : 15 - 16; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10 - 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9 - 10; 脊椎骨: 31. Distinguished from P. taeniolatus by the more strongly marked pattern of longitudinal and vertical black stripes and in having fewer and larger teeth in the outer row of the upper jaw and on the lower pharyngeal bone, in having more fleshy lips which partly obscure the posterior teeth of the upper jaw, and in having fewer gill rakers, with the anterior ones very low and blunt. Differs from P. virgatus in not having the posterior teeth of the two inner rows of the lower pharyngeal enlarged.
更強烈與 P. taeniolatus 區分藉由標示了縱向而垂直黑色的斑紋圖案而且在上頜的外部列中與在下面的咽骨上有較少與較大的齒, 有更多的肉質部分使上頜的後面的齒陰暗, 而且有較少的鰓耙的唇, 藉由前面的一些非常低而鈍的。 有別於 P. virgatus 在沒有兩者的後面齒內部的列下面的咽增大。
Inhabits rocky shores and adjacent sandy areas. Characteristic of areas where the rocks are covered with a sediment layer. Feeds by blowing sediment off the rocks and picking at food items remaining (Ref. 267).
棲息於岩岸與毗連的沙地。 岩石被覆蓋著沉澱物層的區域的特性。 吃藉由把沉澱物吹走岩石而且啄食保持的食物組成.(參考文獻 267)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Female mouth brooder.非洲: 北方的末端與西南的特有種馬拉威湖的手臂。
Maréchal, C., 1991. Protomelas. p. 387-393. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4996)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 June 2018
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00674 - 0.03099), b=2.99 (2.82 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
