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Caranx lugubris Poey, 1860

Black jack
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Caranx lugubris   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Caranx lugubris (Black jack)
Caranx lugubris
Picture by Cox, R.L.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Carangiformes (Jacks) 鱸形目 (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) 鰺科 (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Caranx: French, carangue, the name of a Caribbean fish; 1836 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poey.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 底中水層性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 12 - 354 m (Ref. 9710), usually 24 - 65 m (Ref. 5217). 亞熱帶的; 30°N - 30°S, 180°W - 180°E

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Circumtropical. Western Indian Ocean: off Natal and East London in South Africa (Ref. 3197, 11228); Reunion, Mauritius and Cargados Carajos (Ref. 33390); Seychelles (Ref. 10685). Western Pacific: southern Japan to New Caledonia. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Western Atlantic: Bermuda and the northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Azores, Madeira, St. Paul's Rocks (Ref. 13121), Ascension Island, Cape Verde, and Gulf of Guinea. Eastern Central Pacific: Mexico (including Revillagigedo Islands) to Costa Rica.
Circumtropical。 西印度洋: 在南非的納塔爾外海與東倫敦;(參考文獻 3197,11228) 留尼旺島,模里西斯與開克杜凱拉攸島;(參考文獻 33390) 塞錫爾群島.(參考文獻 10685) 西太平洋: 日本南部到新加勒多尼亞。 最近記錄自東加。 (參考文獻 53797) 西大西洋: 百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西。 東大西洋: 亞速群島,馬得拉群島,聖保羅岩礁 (參考文獻 13121) ,阿森松島,維德角與幾內亞灣。 中太平洋東部: 墨西哥 (包括雷維拉吉哥多島) 到哥斯大黎加。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?, range 38 - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 17.9 kg (Ref. 40637)

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 20 - 22; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 16 - 19.
頭部的上面輪廓陡峭的, 較前端些微地凹曲; 嘴相當大的, 顎骨幾乎延伸到眼的中心; 深橄欖灰色到幾乎黑色的在背部上, 顏色變化成藍灰色的腹地; 鱗甲黑色.(參考文獻 13442)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

An oceanic and insular species, very much restricted to clear oceanic waters (Ref. 9283). Not commonly found in shallow banks (Ref. 9283). Sometimes seen near drop-off at outer edge of reefs (Ref. 26938). Occasionally forming schools. Feed on fishes at night (Ref. 5213). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Marketed mainly fresh, also dried or salted (Ref. 9283).

一個大洋性的與島嶼魚種, 非常侷限於清澈的大洋性水域了.(參考文獻 9283) 不常發現於淺灘淺堆。 (參考文獻 9283) 有時在礁的外部邊緣的急下降的附近見到.(參考文獻 26938) 偶然地形成群體。 捕食魚在晚上。 (參考文獻 5213) 生鮮地主要地在市場上銷售, 也乾燥或鹽醃.(參考文獻 9283)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

Circumtropical。 西印度洋: 在南非的納塔爾外海與東倫敦;(參考文獻 3197,11228) 留尼旺島,模里西斯與開克杜凱拉攸島;(參考文獻 33390) 塞錫爾群島.(參考文獻 10685) 西太平洋: 日本南部到新加勒多尼亞。 最近記錄自東加。 (參考文獻 53797) 西大西洋: 百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西。 東大西洋: 亞速群島,馬得拉群島,聖保羅岩礁 (參考文獻 13121) ,阿森松島,維德角與幾內亞灣。 中太平洋東部: 墨西哥 (包括雷維拉吉哥多島) 到哥斯大黎加。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | 合作者

Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 August 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  有雪卡魚毒中毒的報導 (Ref. 9710)





人類使用

漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

更多資訊

Trophic ecology
食物相
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
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捕食者
Ecology
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
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Egg(s)
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參考文獻

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21 - 28.4, mean 27.1 °C (based on 1117 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01738 (0.01424 - 0.02120), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 9.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.12).
Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.41, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (60 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 18.6 [8.7, 42.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.471 [0.233, 0.996] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [16.8, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.326 [0.167, 0.626] g/100g; Selenium = 49.4 [20.4, 117.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.6 [5.9, 67.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.309 [0.207, 0.482] mg/100g (wet weight);