分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Apsilinae
Etymology: Paracaesio: Greek, para = the side of + Latin, caesium = bluish grey (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Robert Stone caught two specimens of this new species in Fiji (1981). Nothing more is said in the original text, but presumably this is the same Robert Stone as the Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA) Development Advisor of that name. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 200 - 320 m (Ref. 9821), usually 200 - 250 m (Ref. 82366). 深水域; 32°N - 22°S, 124°E - 177°W (Ref. 55)
Western Pacific: off the Ryukyu Islands to northeastern Australia and Samoa.
西太平洋: 已知只來自外海的琉球群島，澳洲東北方，萬那度，斐濟與美屬薩摩亞了, 但是可能更廣泛分佈。 記錄來自巴布亞新幾內亞了。 (參考文獻 5724)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 40.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9821)
背棘 (總數) : 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Eye large; snout short (shorter than eye diameter). Interorbital space slightly convex. Lower jaw protruding slightly. Scale rows on back parallel to lateral line. Pectoral fins long, reaching level of anus. Back and upper sides light brown, silvery on lower sides and belly; five brown vertical bars on the upper side; the fins are gray to whitish; the margin of the dorsal fin and most of the caudal fin yellow.
眼大的; 吻短 (短於眼直徑). 眼間隔些微中凸。 下頜些微地伸出。 鱗片列背面平行於側線。 胸鰭長的, 達到肛門高度。 背面與上側面淡褐色, 銀色的在下側與腹面上; 在上側面上的五個褐色縱帶; 鰭是灰色的到微白色的; 背鰭與大部分的尾鰭黃色的邊緣。
Adults are found on the continental shelf and continental slope (Ref. 75154).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西太平洋: 已知只來自外海的琉球群島，澳洲東北方，萬那度，斐濟與美屬薩摩亞了, 但是可能更廣泛分佈。 記錄來自巴布亞新幾內亞了。 (參考文獻 5724)
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 March 2015
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.3 - 21.1, mean 18.9 °C (based on 7 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03388 (0.01538 - 0.07464), b=2.89 (2.68 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21.2 [10.2, 51.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.38 [0.14, 0.88] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [15.4, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.297 [0.134, 0.609] g/100g; Selenium = 15.8 [6.7, 37.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.28 [1.38, 57.57] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.325 [0.204, 0.511] mg/100g (wet weight);
