Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; salmastro demersale; oceano-estuarine (Ref. 57987); distribuzione batimetrica 10 - 90 m (Ref. 1371), usually 10 - 50 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 70°N - 44°N, 24°W - 22°E
Northeast Atlantic: around the British Isles and northward along the European coasts to northern Norway. Also found at the Faeroe Islands and Iceland.
Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm 6.2 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 1371)
Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 48 - 51; Spine anali: 0; Raggi anali molli: 41 - 43. Head relatively large, less than five times in SL. Skin fold above the upper lip with three pairs of lobes or small barbels. First fin ray followed by a row of small, fleshy filaments (Ref. 1371). One barbel on the lower jaw and four on the snout (Ref. 35388).
Found in the sublittoral zone, on sand or mud bottoms. Feed mostly on decapod crustaceans, lobsters, crabs, mysids and polychaetes (Ref. 3663). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Spawning may take place in deeper waters (Ref. 57987).
Probably pairs up during breeding (Ref. 205).
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.7 - 12.3, mean 10.3 °C (based on 564 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00418 - 0.01256), b=3.15 (3.00 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.44 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (tm=1; tmax=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 79 [39, 186] mg/100g; Iron = 0.47 [0.24, 0.96] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.7, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.445 [0.215, 0.871] g/100g; Selenium = 12.5 [5.8, 34.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.8 [3.4, 46.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.834 [0.570, 1.278] mg/100g (wet weight);
