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Lethrinus miniatus (Forster, 1801)

Trumpet emperor
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Lethrinus miniatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Lethrinus miniatus (Trumpet emperor)
Lethrinus miniatus
Picture by Randall, J.E.

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Lethrininae
Etymology: Lethrinus: Greek, lethrinia, a fish pertaining to genus Pagellus.
More on author: Forster.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina associadas(os) a recifes; não migratória; intervalo de profundidade 5 - 30 m (Ref. 2295). Tropical; 27°N - 34°S, 113°E - 168°E

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Western Pacific: The Ryukyu Islands, eastern Philippines, northern Australia, and New Caledonia (Ref. 114226). Occurrence records outside distributional range probably refer to Lethrinus olivaceus (Ref. 2295).

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm 36.1  range ? - 42.2 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 2295); common length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9987); peso máx. publicado: 9.6 kg (Ref. 9987); idade máx. registrada: 22 anos (Ref. 2290)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 10; Raios dorsais (total) : 9; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais : 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep, its depth 2.4-2.8 times in standard length; head length 0.9-1 times in body depth, 2.5-2.9 times in SL, dorsal profile near eye slightly convex; snout moderately long, its length about 1.7-2.4 times in HL, measured without the lip the snout is 0.9-1 times in cheek height, its dorsal profile slightly concave, snout angle relative to upper jaw between 50° and 65°; interorbital space convex to flat; posterior nostril an oblong longitudinal opening, closer to orbit than anterior nostril; eye situated close to dorsal profile, its length 3.4-5.4 times in HL; cheek moderately high, its height 2.0-2.9 times in HL; lateral teeth in jaws conical; outer surface of maxilla smooth or with a longitudinal ridge; D X,9 with the 3rd dorsal-fin spine usually longest, its length 2.3-2.9 times in body depth; A III,8 with the 1st or 2nd soft ray usually the longest, its length almost equal to or slightly longer than length of base of soft-rayed portion of anal fin and 1.3-1.4 times in length of entire anal-fin base; pectoral-fin rays 13; pelvic-fin membranes between rays closest to body usually with dense melanophores; no scales on cheek; 46-48 lateral-line scales; 4½ scale rows between lateral line and base of middle dorsal-fin spines; 15 to 17 scale rows in transverse series between origin of anal fin and lateral line; usually 15 rows in lower series of scales around caudal peduncle; 2-7 scales in supratemporal patch; inner surface of pectoral fins partially or densely covered with scales; posterior angle of operculum fully scaly. Colour of body silvery, tan, or yellowish, base of scales often black, often a series of 8-9 dark bars (may be absent in some individuals); base of pectoral fins red; sometimes a red streak originating on upper operculum, passing beneath eye and onto snout; 2 red spots often on upper rim of eye; lips reddish; fins pale or reddish, sometimes brilliant red on membranes near base of pelvic fins, and between spinous rays of dorsal and anal fin (Ref 68703).

Biologia     Glossário (p.ex. epibenthic)

Adults inhabit coral reefs during daytime where they feed occasionally in sand and rubble areas between coral heads. At night, they move out over the sandy sea floor and forage actively. Usually occur in small schools. Juveniles live in shallow, inshore waters such as seagrass and mangrove areas, moving into deeper water as they age (Ref. 27260, 28202). Feed mainly on crustaceans, echinoderms, mollusks and fish, with crabs and sea urchins predominating. Much of the information reported for this species was based on misidentifications and referred to L. olivaceous (see Ref. 2295). Marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 9987). Caught primarily by handline. One of the favourite food and sport fishes around the Great Barrier Reef. A major food fish in New Caledonia. Occasionally implicated in cases of fish poisoning (ciguatoxin) (Ref. 68703).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

L. miniatus are serial hermaphrodites with a protogynous strategy (i.e, female first, male second). Sexual bimodality was present in both age and length frequency distributions (Brown et al 1994). Juveniles live in shallow, inshore waters such as seagrass and mangrove areas, moving into deeper water as they age (Ref. 27260, 28202). Also Ref. 103751.

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

  Segura ou pouco preocupante (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 March 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)





Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe esportivo: sim
FAO - Aquaculture systems: produção; ; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Checar Observador de Peixes (FishWatcher) | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Gênero, Espécies | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Aquaculture systems: produção; ; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genoma, nucleotídeo | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Bases de dados nacionais | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia: Ir para, procura | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registro zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 24.7 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 1510 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00939 - 0.02125), b=3.00 (2.88 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  4.2   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.2 (2.9 - 6.5) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 12 growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.1-0.4; tm=2-3; tmax=22).
Prior r = 0.26, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.39, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (89 of 100).
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 30 [20, 49] mg/100g; Iron = 0.776 [0.487, 1.266] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [18.0, 22.9] %; Omega3 = 0.124 [0.082, 0.187] g/100g; Selenium = 38.3 [20.7, 69.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35.8 [7.8, 196.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.81 [1.24, 2.48] mg/100g (wet weight);