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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Lethrininae
Etymology: Lethrinus: Greek, lethrinia, a fish pertaining to genus Pagellus.
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; nir-ruaya; kisaran kedalaman 5 - 30 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical; 35°N - 20°S, 97°E - 138°W
Pacific Ocean: Indonesia and the Philippines to the Marshall, Solomon and Marquesas islands, north to southern Japan, south to northwest Australia. Easily mistaken (particularly larger individuals) for either Lethrinus microdon or Lethrinus olivaceous. Common at Enewetak and Bikini Atolls (Ref. 37816).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2295); common length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2295)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 10; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8.
Inhabits lagoons and deeper waters of coral reefs and adjacent sandy bottoms. Solitary in sand or rubble bottoms (Ref. 90102). Feeds mainly on fishes but also on mollusks, crustaceans, and sea urchins (Ref. 1602, 37816). Marketed fresh (Ref. 171).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.1 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 1747 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00178 - 0.01174), b=3.10 (2.88 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.7 [22.4, 55.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.679 [0.420, 1.045] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [17.2, 22.1] %; Omega3 = 0.0737 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 44 [23, 77] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29.5 [6.0, 164.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.94 [1.40, 2.60] mg/100g (wet weight);
