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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Monotaxinae
Etymology: Gymnocranius: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, kranion = skull (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي وابسته به آب سنگ; غير مهاجر; تغييرات عمق 15 - 50 m (Ref. 2295). Tropical; 37°N - 10°S
Indo-West Pacific: known only from southern Japan, the South China Sea, the Marshall Islands, and off Phuket, Thailand in the Andaman Sea.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2295); common length : 35.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2295)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 10; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 9 - 10; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 9 - 10.
Found over sandy and rubble bottoms near rock and coral reefs. Solitary on sand slopes in clear coastal lagoon habitats (Ref. 48635). May be found in small groups (Ref. 90102). Feeds on small bottom-living invertebrates. Marketed fresh (Ref. 9775).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.4 - 29.1, mean 28.3 °C (based on 596 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01698 (0.00734 - 0.03932), b=2.98 (2.79 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.1 [18.9, 64.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.512 [0.282, 0.828] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.5, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.123 [0.073, 0.174] g/100g; Selenium = 33.8 [21.2, 57.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.8 [20.4, 185.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.16 [0.84, 1.56] mg/100g (wet weight);
