分類 / 名稱
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels)
鱸形目 (Mackerels) >
Tetragonuridae (Squaretails)
方尾鯧科 (Squaretails)
Etymology: Tetragonurus: Greek, tetra = four + Greek, gonia = angle + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335); cuvieri: Named after G.C.L.D. Cuvier 1769-1832, a founder of modern ichthyology (Ref. 6885).
Eponymy: Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Baron Cuvier (1769–1832), better known by his pen name Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and one of the scientific giants of his age. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Risso.
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 深海區的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - 800 m (Ref. 10823). 深水域
Eastern Pacific: Aleutian Islands, Alaska to Baja California, Mexico; Chile (Ref. 9068). Western Pacific: Japan (Ref. 559), New Zealand and Australia (Ref. 6885). Western Indian Ocean: Natal, South Africa (Ref. 4415). Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean (Ref. 4415).
東太平洋: 阿留申群島, 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞; 智利.(參考文獻 9068) 西太平洋: 日本 (參考文獻 559) ,紐西蘭與澳洲.(參考文獻 6885) 西印度洋: 南非的納塔爾.(參考文獻 4415) 大西洋, 包括地中海.(參考文獻 4415)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4415)
背棘 (總數) : 15 - 21; 背的軟條 (總數) : 12 - 15; 臀棘: 1; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 13; 脊椎骨: 52. Pectorals and pelvic fins small (Ref. 6885). Dark brown, paler at base of tail and on head, otherwise almost uniform throughout (Ref. 6885).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
胸鰭與腹鰭小的.(參考文獻 6885) 深褐色的, 較灰白的在尾部的基底與在頭部上, 不一樣地幾乎均勻始終.(參考文獻 6885)
Oceanic, usually near surface; possibly near bottom. Perhaps occurs in schools. Young usually among jellyfishes or inside large salps. Feeds on jellyfishes and salps (Ref. 2850), also other soft-bodied coelenterates, ctenophores, as well as plankton. There are conflicting reports that the flesh of this species is poisonous (Ref. 11149).
大洋性的, 通常近表面的; 可能地在底部的附近。 也許出現於魚群中。 幼魚通常在水母之中或在大的被囊動物裡。 吃水母與被囊動物 (參考文獻 2850), 也其他的身體柔軟的腔腸動物,櫛水母, 以及浮游生物。 有爭執報告「這種的肉是有毒的」。 (參考文獻 11149)
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東太平洋: 阿留申群島, 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞; 智利.(參考文獻 9068) 西太平洋: 日本 (參考文獻 559) ,紐西蘭與澳洲.(參考文獻 6885) 西印度洋: 南非的納塔爾.(參考文獻 4415) 大西洋, 包括地中海.(參考文獻 4415)
Haedrich, R.L., 1986. Tetragonuridae. p. 851. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4415)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 19 May 2013
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基於模型的估計
首選溫度 (參考文獻
123201): 5.6 - 17.9, mean 10.1 °C (based on 809 cells).
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.8 ±0.35 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.10).
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
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營養素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.1 [8.1, 49.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.298 [0.130, 0.826] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.113 [0.044, 0.280] g/100g; Selenium = 17.9 [6.2, 47.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33 [4, 264] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.487 [0.266, 0.950] mg/100g (wet weight);