分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Diplodus: Greek, diploos = twice + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 深度上下限 0 - 90 m (Ref. 4781). 亞熱帶的; 49°N - 27°N, 19°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Canary islands, also found along the coast of Portugal northward to the Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov (Ref. 4781).
東大西洋: 馬得拉群島與加納利群島。 也發現沿著葡萄牙的海岸向北至比斯開灣，地中海，黑海與亞速海.(參考文獻 4781)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 11.6, range 8 - 19.6 cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 124816); common length : 13.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大体重: 330.00 g (Ref. 115876); 最大年龄: 17 年 (Ref. 124518)
背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 11 - 13; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 11 - 12.
Inhabit chiefly Zostera seagrass beds but also found on Posidonia beds and sandy bottoms, rarely on rocky bottoms. Carnivorous, feed on worms, crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms and hydrozoans. The sexes are separated, although these fish are potential hermaphrodites; certain individuals are protandric (Ref. 4781).
主要地栖息于 Zostera 海草床但是也被发现于 Posidonia 床与砂质底部，很少在岩石底部上。 肉食性,吃蠕虫，甲壳动物，软件动物，棘皮动物与水螅虫。 性别被分开,虽然这些鱼是可能的雌雄同体; 特定的个体是雄蕊先熟的。 (参考文献 4781)
Normally sexes are separate but some individuals are protandrous due to geographical variation in sexual pattern (Ref. 103751). However, histological studies confirm no degenerating functional tissue of one sex (e.g. vitellogenic or later-stage follicles) and no proliferation of tissue of the other sex can be found on this species indicating the absence of sex change. This particular condition is also known as nonfunctional hermaphroditism previously known as rudimentary hermaphroditism (Ref. 91314). Also Ref. 28504.東大西洋: 馬得拉群島與加納利群島。 也發現沿著葡萄牙的海岸向北至比斯開灣，地中海，黑海與亞速海.(參考文獻 4781)
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.8 - 21.1, mean 18.3 °C (based on 220 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.01093 - 0.01323), b=3.07 (3.05 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.5 (2.4 - 6.4) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 18
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.2-0.5; tmax=7; Fecundity=18,000 - 212,000).
Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 83.2 [48.2, 160.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.984 [0.561, 1.738] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [18.4, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.427 [0.224, 0.818] g/100g; Selenium = 23.7 [11.6, 43.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [6.8, 55.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.72, 1.48] mg/100g (wet weight);
