Holocephali (chimeren) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras) >
Callorhinchidae (Plownose chimaeras)
Etymology: Callorhinchus: Tautonymous with Chimaera callorynchus Linnaeus 1758 (but unnecessarily emended from -rynchus to -rhinchus: callum (L.), hard skin; rhynchus (L.), snout, referring to peculiar hoe-shaped proboscis (See ETYFish); capensis: -ensis, Latin suffix denoting place: Cape of Good Hope, type locality (See ETYFish).
More on author: Duméril.
Taxonomic Remarks
Needs revision.
Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied
Ecologie
marien demersaal; diepte 10 - 374 m (Ref. 5578), usually 10 - 200 m (Ref. 3180). Subtropical; 17°S - 35°S, 11°E - 34°E
Southeast Atlantic: Namibia to the Cape and Natal in South Africa (Ref. 5578, 58304).
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm 49.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 122 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3180); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 5.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 1. An elephant fish with a hoe-like snout and arched caudal fin (Ref. 5578). Silvery or bronzy with brown markings on flanks and head; fin webs brown (Ref. 5578).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Found from close inshore and shallow bays to the slope (Ref. 5578). Feeds on small fish and a wide variety of invertebrates (Ref. 27121). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces egg-cases that are spindle shaped, with broad horizontal flanges (Ref. 36731). This species is known to host on its gills monogenean parasites Callorhynchocotyle callorhynchi (Manter, 1955) (Hexabothriidae) and Callorhynchicola multitesticulatus Manter, 1955 (Chimaericolidae) on its gills (Ref. 124045, 124046). Sold commercially as 'silver trumpeter' (Ref. 3180) and considered a delicacy in southern Africa (Ref. 27121). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 7403.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Krefft, G., 1990. Callorynchidae. p. 117. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Parisl. Vol. 1. (Ref. 7403)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Gevaar voor de mens
Traumatogenic (Ref. 12484)
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; sportvis: ja
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Schattingen op basis van modellen
Gewenste temperatuur (Ref.
123201): 10.3 - 21, mean 16.2 °C (based on 200 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00427 (0.00172 - 0.01057), b=3.12 (2.90 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 21.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Fec assumed to be <100).
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
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Kwetsbaarheid voor het klimaat (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
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Voedingsstoffen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.3 [7.3, 78.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.819 [0.288, 3.576] mg/100g; Protein = 14.1 [11.0, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.255 [0.106, 0.572] g/100g; Selenium = 38.9 [8.7, 103.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.42 [2.18, 18.02] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.549 [0.281, 1.037] mg/100g (wet weight);