分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings)
鯡形目 (Herrings) >
Pristigasteridae (Pristigasterids)
鋸腹鰳科 (Pristigasterids)
Etymology: Pristigaster: Greek, pristis = saw + Greek, gaster = stomach (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 大洋性. 熱帶; 1°N - 2°S
South America: Amazon drainage (from perhaps mouth of Rio Branco at Goiaçu, Rio Solimões, Rio Juruá and as far as the Río Ucayali in Peru). (There are possibly two species, judging from specimens in the Museu de Zoológia, Sao Paulo).
南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域.(從也許口 Rio Branco 在 Goiacu ， Rio Solimoes, Rio Jurua 與遠達在祕魯的 Rio Ucayali) (可能地有二個種,在 Museu de Zoologia 中由標本看來, 聖保羅).
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 50591); common length : 8.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 45 - 54. Belly profile strongly convex (almost circular from throat to anus), 30 to 33 scutes. Lower jaw projecting, mouth directed almost vertically upward; no toothed hypo-maxillary bone between hind end of pre-maxilla and lower bulge of maxilla blade; eye large. Pectoral fins high on body; anal fin origin behind dorsal fin base; upper caudal fin lobe ending in a filament in larger fishes (Ref. 188).
腹面輪廓強烈中凸的 (幾乎圓形從咽喉到肛門),30 到 33個鱗甲。 下頜突出的, 嘴直接的幾乎垂直向上; 沒有在前顎骨與顎骨葉片的低凸起的後部末端之間的有齒皮下注射-上頜骨的硬骨; 眼大的。 胸鰭高高地在身體上; 臀鰭起點在背鰭基底後面; 在較大的魚中末端形成一個絲狀突起的上尾部的鰭葉.(參考文獻 188)
Occurs in rivers but perhaps entering slightly saline waters near the mouth of Amazon (but this part of its range is not well documented). Compared with the `flying' characoid fishes (e.g. Thoracocharax), the vertically aligned scute arms in Pristigaster and the rather small pectoral muscles show that flight by vibration of the pectoral fins is almost certainly impossible. This species having been caught along with Thoracocharax raises the question of mimicry.
出現於河但是可能進入亞馬遜河的些微鹽水域河口附近。 (但是它的分佈範圍的這一個部份很好地不被証明) 與那相較飛的' 脂鯉科的魚 (例如 Thoracocharax), Pristigaster 與胸鰭的震動的相當小胸肌顯示那飛行的垂直地排列的鱗甲手臂幾乎確定不可能。 曾經與 Thoracocharax 一起捕獲的這種喚起擬態的問題。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域.(從也許口 Rio Branco 在 Goiacu ， Rio Solimoes, Rio Jurua 與遠達在祕魯的 Rio Ucayali) (可能地有二個種,在 Museu de Zoologia 中由標本看來, 聖保羅).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 06 March 2017
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00587 - 0.04087), b=3.05 (2.82 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
