分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性. 溫帶; 4°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 49°N - 40°N, 25°E - 54°E
Eurasia: Widespread all over the Marmara, Black and Caspian seas basins; inhabits mostly fresh- and brackish waters with low salinity (<2%).
歐亞大陸: 黑海，亞速海，裡海與支流。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 6 - ? cm
Max length : 16.2 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2058); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 59043)
背棘 (总数) : 7 - 8; 背的软条 (总数) : 14 - 18; 臀棘: 1; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 16. This species is distinguished from its congeners entering freshwater in Europe by the following characters: irregular position and shape of diagonal bars on body; first branched ray of second dorsal about as long as penultimate ray; no scales on midline of nape, in front of preoperculum; pelvic-disc fraenum with small rounded lobes and the length is less than 1/6 of width at base; scales in midlateral series 54-62 + 2-3; posterior part of first dorsal without black spot (Ref. 59043).
Occurs in brackish- and fresh-water habitats with low salinity (< 2 ppt); lagoons and lakes; large rivers to small, fast-flowing streams; on sand or mud bottom; mainly in well vegetated or high-complexity habitats. Abundant in backwaters and still channels (Ref. 59043). Longevity is 4-5 years; spawns for the first time at 2 years; spawning season in April to June, occasionally until mid-August; females may repeat spawning during a season; usually spawns for a single season. Males guard eggs until hatching; with adhesive eggs deposited on stones, shells and aquatic plants (Ref. 59043). Feeds on crustaceans (esp. Corophiid amphipods), aquatic insects (mostly chironomid larvae), polychaetes, also small fish and mollusks (Ref. 4696).
出现于河川下游与岸边泻湖, 非中盐度的; 在沙或泥上。 吃甲壳动物 (esp。 corophiid 片脚类动物), 水生昆虫 (大部份宝刀鱼仔鱼), 多毛类动物, 也小鱼与软件动物.(参考文献 4696)
Adhesive eggs are deposited on stones, shells and aquatic plants. Males guard eggs until hatching (Ref.59043).歐亞大陸: 黑海，亞速海，裡海與支流。
Miller, P.J., 1986. Gobiidae. p. 1019-1085. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Volume 3. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 4696)
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00423 - 0.01184), b=3.09 (2.95 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
