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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 0 - 100 m (Ref. 36484). Subtropical; 36°N - 9°N, 99°W - 59°W (Ref. 55233)
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to northeastern Brazil (Ref. 57756), including the Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 9626). Common around the Caribbean.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 55); common length : 38.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 55); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 1.3 kg (Ref. 26340); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 18 έτη (Ref. 115050)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 10; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 11 - 12; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 8. Lower jaw projecting slightly beyond upper jaw; lower corner of preopercle greatly projecting and strongly serrated. Preorbital bone broad, maxilla extending nearly to mid-eye level. Preopercular notch and knob moderate. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Back and upper side gray to dark olive grading to silvery ventrally. Usually with a black spot, about eye size, on lateral line below the anterior soft dorsal-fin rays.
Adults inhabit clear shallow waters over rocky bottoms in the vicinity of coral reefs, less frequently in sandy or seagrass areas. They often form large aggregations during the day. They feed at night mainly on small fish, shrimps, crabs and cephalopods (Ref. 78464).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.9 - 28, mean 26.6 °C (based on 232 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01738 (0.00953 - 0.03167), b=2.95 (2.80 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (K=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 19.4 [10.5, 31.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.329 [0.197, 0.581] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.208 [0.126, 0.343] g/100g; Selenium = 28.1 [13.7, 51.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 174 [31, 851] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.272 [0.192, 0.417] mg/100g (wet weight);
