Classification / Names
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Gymnotiformes (Knifefishes) >
Rhamphichthyidae (Sand knifefishes)
Etymology: Gymnorhamphichthys: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek. Rhamphos = beak, bill + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
นิเวศวิทยา
; น้ำจืด กลุ่มสัตว์หน้าดิน,กลุ่มสัตว์พื้นท้องน้ำ. Tropical
South America: upper Mamoré and Orinoco River basins.
ขนาด / น้ำหนัก / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.5 cm TL เพศผู้/กระเทย; (Ref. 2037)
Buried in the sand during the day, emerging at dusk and remain active until just before dawn (Ref. 10809). Field observation showed that the electric organ discharge (EOD) rate of this species start rising just before sunset, increasing to over 2-folds just after dark when the fish comes out of the sand, and decreasing when the fish returns to the sand well before dawn. Experimental studies suggest internal control of this cyclic behavior (Ref. 10810). There is evidence of fractional spawning; fecundity count was 65 eggs (Ref. 10644).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | การสืบพันธุ์ | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | ตัวอ่อน
Mago-Leccia, F., 1994. Electric fishes of the continental waters of America. Fundacion para el Desarrollo de las Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales (FUDECI), Biblioteca de la Academia de Ciencias Fisicas. Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas, Venezuela. vol. 29 . 206 p. (Ref. 26457)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00263 (0.00101 - 0.00685), b=3.05 (2.82 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ระดับชั้นอาหาร (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).