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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Alosa: Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
; স্বাদু পানি; ঈষৎ লোনা ভাসমান; পোটামোড্রোমাস (Ref. 51243). Temperate; 3°C - 25°C (Ref. 56460); 49°N - 35°N, 44°E - 56°E (Ref. 188)
Europe and Central Asia: Caspian Sea.
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.1 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 111344); common length : 21.0 cm SL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 188); সবের্াচ্চ প্রকাশিত ওজন : 469.00 g (Ref. 56460); সর্বোচ্চ উলি্ল্লখিত বয়স : 9 বৎসর (Ref. 56460)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 0; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 0. Body `shad-like'; upper and lower head profiles straight. Gill rakers moderately thick and short, tips pointed, usually shorter than gill filaments. Teeth well developed in both jaws. Resembles A. sphaerocephala, which has a blunter head, with round upper and lower head profiles; A. caspia has more gill rakers (50 to 180) and A. brashnikovi is more slender and `herring-like'.
Euryhaline and migratory but non-anadromous. One of the most cold-loving Alosa of the Caspian (among the first to migrate in spring to the north). Feeds on large crustaceans and small fishes. Spawns in northern Caspian from end of April (peak in mid-May), moving into shallow water and spawning at depths of 1-6 m and salinities of 0.07-11 ppt. The young later move southward; some perhaps remain in the north.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00502 - 0.01200), b=3.11 (2.99 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): মাধ্যম , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১.৪-৪.৪ বৎসর (K=0.3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
