分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Alosa: Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335); alabamae: From the word alabamae, meaning from Alabama (Ref. 10294).
More on authors: Jordan & Evermann.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 51243). 亞熱帶的; 44°N - 24°N, 96°W - 81°W
Western Central Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico (northern part, from the Mississippi delta eastward to the Choctawhatchee River in Florida; also in rivers from Iowa to Arkansas and across to West Virginia). Status of threat from Ref. 11858.
中西大西洋: 墨西哥灣 (北部, 從密西西比三角州向東至在佛羅里達的 Choctawhatchee 河; 也在從愛荷華州到阿肯色州的河中與橫過對西維吉尼亞). 處於生存受威脅的狀態從參考文獻 11858.
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); common length : 42.5 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大年龄: 4 年 (Ref. 12193)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Body moderately compressed, belly with distinct keel of scutes. Lower jaw steeply rising within mouth; no teeth present at front of jaws; upper jaw with a distinct notch. The only other shad of the Gulf of Mexico has only 20 to 24 gill rakers. Closely resembles A. aestivalis and A. pseudoharengus of Atlantic coasts, but in them the lower jaw rises very steeply in the mouth (Ref. 188).
身体中等侧扁, 腹面有鳞甲的明显龙骨脊。 下颌险峻地在嘴里面升起; 没有齿出现在颚的前面; 上颌有一个明显的凹槽。 墨西哥湾的唯一其他非鱼类只有 20 到 24个鳃耙。 非常近似大西洋海岸的 A. aestivalis 与 A. pseudoharengus ，但是在他们里面下面的颌非常险峻地在嘴巴中上升。 (参考文献 188)
Forms schools. Ascends rivers and streams to spawn in spring or early summer, the young presumably descending in autumn. Marketed mostly fresh.
形成鱼群。 上溯到河川与溪流到产卵于春天或初夏中, 幼鱼可能下降秋天时。 市场上大部份生鲜地销售。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Spawns in freshwater in spring or early summer, ascending rivers and streams, the young presumably descending in autumn. 中西大西洋: 墨西哥灣 (北部, 從密西西比三角州向東至在佛羅里達的 Choctawhatchee 河; 也在從愛荷華州到阿肯色州的河中與橫過對西維吉尼亞). 處於生存受威脅的狀態從參考文獻 11858.
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00370 - 0.01703), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.28 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100).
