分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Stolothrissa: Greek, stole = suit + Greek, thrissa, -es = shad (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Regan.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 大洋性; 深度上下限 8 - 95 m (Ref. 36901). 熱帶; 1°S - 10°S
Africa: Lake Tanganyika (Ref. 188, 3509, 28136), including Lukuga River from Kisimba-Kilia Falls (Ref. 93587) and Moba River (Ref. 45485). Introduced in Lake Kivu between 1958 and 1960 (Ref. 121351); although the introduction was apparently successful, the fish failed to reproduce (Ref. 28136, 36904).
非洲: 坦噶尼喀湖的特有種。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 6.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 10.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4967); common length : 7.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大體重: 7.00 g (Ref. 36901)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 15 - 16; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 16 - 17; 脊椎骨: 44. Diagnosis: Body slender, its depth about 17-22% of standard length; 13-14 pre-pelvic and 8-9 post-pelvic scutes, with pre-pelvic scutes not strongly keeled, beginning behind base of last pectoral finray, but post-pelvic scutes with sharp spines; maxilla blade about 2.25 times as long as its shaft, but not continued forward to hind tip of pre-maxilla; posterior supra-maxilla diamond-shaped or more or less rhomboidal, approximately symmetrical; lower gillrakers long and slender, 36-42; a distinct silver stripe along flanks, broadest over tips of pelvic fins (Ref. 188, 93833). It resembles Limnothrissa miodon of Lake Tanganyika, which is slightly deeper-bodied, has a larger eye, about equal to head length behind eye, and a maxilla blade continued forward to hind tip of pre-maxilla (Ref. 188).
身體細長的。 前腹鰭鱗甲不有明顯的龍骨,在最後胸鰭鰭條的基底後面開始。 顎骨葉片大約 2.25 倍長於它的軸, 但是不是繼續向前到前顎骨的後部頂端; 第二個上顎骨菱形或更多以內長菱形的, 大約對稱。 下鰓耙長且細的。 一條銀色的斑紋沿著側面。 吻狹窄的, 顯得凹的當從上方看了。
A pelagic, lacustrine species, forming very large schools (Ref. 188, 36901, 121343). The juveniles tend to stay closer to the shore than those of 5 cm standard length or more (Ref. 188). They appear to spend daylight hours at a depth of 70-95 m, rising up to 8-15 m at night, especially on dark nights (Ref. 188, 36901). These migrations reflect also the plankton migration (Ref. 36901). It feeds on plankton (Ref. 36901, 93960, 121343, 121352), like prawns, shrimps, also copepods, chironomids, diatoms and algae (Ref. 188). It breeds at about 6 cm standard length, with ripe individuals present almost throughout the year, but major spawning in May-June and again in December-January, the adults moving inshore to breed; the eggs sink slowly (Ref. 188). It is caught with seine nets, often using lights (Ref. 188).
一個湖泊的魚種形成非常大群的魚群, 稚魚超過那些 5個公分 SL 或更多傾向停留更靠近海岸。 似乎白天停留大約 60 公尺下面, 上升到 8-15 公尺在晚上, 尤其在黑暗的夜晚上。 吃浮游生物。 於大約 6 公分 SL 繁殖, 與成熟的個體呈現幾乎全年度, 但是主要的被產卵在五月與六月中的與在十二月與一月再一次。 成魚向海岸移動繁殖。 卵下沉得慢慢。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
非洲: 坦噶尼喀湖的特有種。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00193 - 0.01305), b=3.13 (2.91 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.29 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=1.62-2.66).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 460 [201, 1,089] mg/100g; Iron = 4.12 [1.95, 7.87] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.0, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.545 [0.171, 1.686] g/100g; Selenium = 95.3 [32.0, 339.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35.2 [11.2, 110.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 3.27 [2.01, 5.47] mg/100g (wet weight);
