Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο βενθοπελαγικό. Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: Bay of Bengal to Borneo and Java, and north to Viet Nam.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 10.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 9772); common length : 8.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 9772)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 10 - 12; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 28 - 31; Εδρικές άκανθες: 2; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 6 - 8. Eye large, about 30 % of head length; mental pores in 3 pairs, the first open at front of chin, separated by symphysis; teeth well differentiated into large and small in both jaws. Gill rakers slender, equal to or slightly shorter than gill filaments at angle of arch, 14 to 17 on lower limb. Second anal spine long , stiff, 40 to 50 % of head length. Swim bladder hammer-shaped, with about 13 pairs of arborescent appendages along its sides, the first entering head beyond transverse septum and sending a palmate branch to the front of pectoral arch. Sagitta (large earstone) with a tadpole-shaped impression, the head of which has its long axis lying obliquely to that of sagitta and the tail expanded and deepened as a hallow cone connected with the head by a narrow groove.
Inhabits shallow coastal waters, estuaries and rivers (Ref. 9772).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Sasaki, K., 2001. Sciaenidae. Croakers (drums). p.3117-3174. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome, FAO. pp. 2791-3380. (Ref. 9772)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: χωρίς ενδιαφέρον
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.3 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 906 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00410 - 0.01937), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
