分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 10 - 300 m (Ref. 9790). 熱帶
Indo-West Pacific: widespread, from the New Hebrides to Papua New Guinea, north to Taiwan, through Indonesia to Thailand, Pakistan, the Red Sea, and South Africa. Replaced by Cociella crocodilus from southern China to Japan and by Cociella hutchinsi in northern Australia (Ref. 37816).
印度-西太平洋: 廣泛分佈, 經過印尼到泰國，巴基斯坦，紅海與南非,從新海布里群島到巴布亞新幾內亞,北至台灣。 被來自中國南部到日本的 Cociella crocodilus 取代了與藉著 Cociella hutchinsi 在澳洲北部.(參考文獻 37816)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9790); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9790)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10 - 12; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 12. Uppermost preopercular spine reaching only about half-way to the opercular margin. Preorbital spine present. Infraorbital ridge usually smooth over anterior 1/2 of eye. Suborbital ridge lacking spines behind eye. Interopercular flap present. Iris lappet simple, semicircular. Numerous small dark spots on back reaching to below the lateral line, more widely scattered posteriorly. Has 5-6 dark bands across the back, but small juveniles may have only a broad saddle crossing the spinous dorsal fin and a narrow one near the rear of the soft dorsal fin (Ref. 37816).
最上面的前鰓蓋骨棘達到只有大約到鰓蓋邊緣的中點。 眶前骨棘呈現。 眶下的脊通常平滑的在眼中的前面的 1/2 之上。 眶下骨脊在眼後面的缺乏棘。 間鰓蓋骨蓋呈現。 虹膜垂部單一的, 半圓的。 很多的小深色的斑點背面延伸到側線下面, 更廣泛分散在後部地。 有橫過背部的 5-6 深色條紋，但是小的稚魚只可能有一個寬的鞍狀斑橫越在軟背鰭的後面附近的刺狀的背鰭與一個狹窄的一個.(參考文獻 37816)
Frequents shallow areas in depths of 10 m or less. Taken in trawl fisheries at depths from 23 to 250 m. Reported from a trap in the Gulf of Aqaba at a depth of 300 m. Young to juvenile stages utilize mangrove habitat (Ref. 9790). Adults occur in silty sand habitats from the shallows to a depth of 300 m (Ref. 37816). Also found in coastal sand patches, near coral reefs but more often on offshore (Ref 90102).
在深度 10 公尺以內中常見於水淺的區域。 採自了拖網漁場在深度從 23 到 250 公尺。 在阿卡巴灣中記錄來自一個魚籠深度 300 公尺了。 幼魚到幼齡期利用棲息地紅樹林。 (參考文獻 9790) 成魚出現在泥沙棲息地從淺水區到深度 300 公尺。 (參考文獻 37816)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 廣泛分佈, 經過印尼到泰國，巴基斯坦，紅海與南非,從新海布里群島到巴布亞新幾內亞,北至台灣。 被來自中國南部到日本的 Cociella crocodilus 取代了與藉著 Cociella hutchinsi 在澳洲北部.(參考文獻 37816)
Knapp, L.W., 1999. Platycephalidae. Flatheads. p. 2385-2421. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9790)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.8 - 28.1, mean 25.6 °C (based on 1088 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00246 - 0.01120), b=3.04 (2.85 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 48.7 [24.6, 138.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.602 [0.280, 1.395] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.8, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.164 [0.071, 0.465] g/100g; Selenium = 54.3 [25.3, 141.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 80.2 [28.8, 224.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.08 [0.69, 1.65] mg/100g (wet weight);
