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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي pelagic-neritic; تغييرات عمق 10 - 70 m (Ref. 12260). Tropical; 41°N - 37°S, 19°E - 155°E
Indo-West Pacific: widespread including the Red Sea, and reported as an invasive species in the eastern Mediterranean basin.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm 13.3, range 10 - ? cm
Max length : 29.6 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 116943); common length : 15.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 188); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 7 سال ها (Ref. 1488)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 13 - 21; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 12 - 23. Total number scutes 32 to 34. Vertical striae on scales not meeting at center, numerous small perforations on hind part of scale. A golden mid-lateral line down flank; dorsal and caudal fin margins dusky; a dark spot at dorsal fin origin. Lower gill rakers 45 to 59 (at 6 to 17 cm standard length, not increasing with size of fish after 6 cm standard length).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Forms schools in coastal waters. Adults feed on phytoplankton and zooplankton (crustacean and molluscan larvae) (Ref. 5213, 5284). Juveniles predominantly prefer crustaceans expanding to include phytoplankton in the diet as their length increases (Ref. 34224). Marketed fresh, dried-salted, boiled or made into fish balls. Possible or even probable confusion with other species (especially S. fimbriata in Indian waters) makes published biological data potentially unreliable.
Stern, N., B. Rinkevich and M. Goren, 2016. Integrative approach revises the frequently misidentified species of Sardinella (Clupeidae) of the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. J. Fish Biol. 89(5):2282-2305. (Ref. 114969)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: با ارزش تجاري بالا
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
دمای ترجیحی (مرجع
123201): 23.6 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1384 cells).
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00670 - 0.00986), b=3.04 (3.01 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
سطح تروفیک (مرجع
69278): 2.9 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 (0.8 - 2.6) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13
growth studies.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=0.32-1.8; tmax=7).
Prior r = 1.07, 95% CL = 0.71 - 1.60, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
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آسیبپذیری اقلیمی (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
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مواد مغذی (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 252 [134, 390] mg/100g; Iron = 2.14 [1.25, 3.86] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [19.6, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.281 [0.140, 0.540] g/100g; Selenium = 127 [68, 257] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.3 [5.1, 45.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.16 [0.84, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.