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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dussumieriidae (Round herrings)
Eponymy: Dr Peter James Palmer Whitehead (1930–1992) was a British biologist (BMNH), scholar, historian, and artist as well as a clupeoid specialist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển; Mức độ sâu 0 - 200 m (Ref. 5286). Subtropical; 23°S - 35°S, 12°E - 31°E
Southeastern Atlantic to Western Indian Ocean: southern Africa (Walvis Bay to Durban) to southern Angola.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm SL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 91762)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 0; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 18 - 20; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 12 - 13; Động vật có xương sống: 50. Numerous branchiostegal rays (11 to 15); without pre-and post pelvic scutes; W-shaped pelvic scute; rectangular pre-maxillae; pelvic fins less advanced and the isthmus with lateral flanges or `shoulders' as compared to Dussumieria.
Mainly an inshore species. Often forms shoals together with pilchard (Ref. 27121). Feeds on larger types of zooplankton (Ref. 27121).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Các trứng | Sự sinh sản | Ấu trùng
DiBattista, J.D., J.E. Randall and B.W. Bowen, 2012. Review of the round herrings of the genus Etrumeus (Clupeidae: Dussumieriinae) of Africa, with descriptions of two new species. Cybium 36(3):447-460. (Ref. 91762)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: tính thương mại cao
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.7 - 20.2, mean 15.6 °C (based on 31 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5098 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00226 - 0.01060), b=3.08 (2.88 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (K=0.7).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 187 [84, 329] mg/100g; Iron = 1.78 [0.90, 3.49] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [19.3, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.377 [0.153, 0.756] g/100g; Selenium = 31.3 [15.0, 69.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.2 [3.9, 45.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.983 [0.661, 1.511] mg/100g (wet weight);