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Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Polynemidae (Threadfins)
Etymology: Eleutheronema: Greek, eleutheros = free + Greek, nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau. Tropical; 14°N - 8°S, 97°E - 130°E (Ref. 57343)
Western Pacific: known only from Thailand, Malaysia, and western Indonesia.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 57343)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 13 - 14; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 14 - 15. Pectoral filaments 3; fin membranes uniformly brown like all other fins. Vomer lacks deciduous tooth plates on both sides throughout its life history. Posterior part of maxilla shallow, 2-3% of SL. Long tooth plate extension onto lateral surface of lower jaw, 9-10% SL (Ref. 41639).
Too small to be of major commercial importance (Ref. 57343).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Motomura, H., Y. Iwatsuki, S. Kimura and T. Yoshino, 2002. Revision of the Indo-West Pacific polynemid fish genus Eleutheronema (Teleostei: Perciformes). Ichthyol. Res. 49(1):47-61. (Ref. 41639)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 28.7 - 29.4, mean 29 °C (based on 381 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00308 - 0.01483), b=3.10 (2.91 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).