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Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 5 - 100 m (Ref. 55). 熱帶; 34°N - 35°S, 47°E - 180°E (Ref. 55)
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman to Fiji, north to southern Japan and Jeju Island, Korea (Ref. 114833), south to New South Wales, Australia (Ref. 114833) and New Caledonia (Ref. 86942). This species has been referred to as Lutjanus malabaricus (non Schneider) or Lutjanus altifrontalis by many recent authors. Occurrence in the Red Sea is a misidentification (Ref. 84159).
印度-西太平洋: 阿曼灣到東南亞, 向北至日本南部而且向南至澳洲北部。 這種已經被歸屬於 Lutjanus malabaricus(非 Schneider) 或 Lutjanus altifrontalis 由許多最近的命名者。 在紅海的發生需要證實。 (參考文獻 469,12541)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 50.2, range 50 - ? cm
Max length : 81.6 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5739); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55); 最大年齡: 8 年 (Ref. 5739)
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 12 - 14; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9. Deep-bodied. Dorsal profile of head sloped. Length of upper jaw smaller than distance bet. base of last dorsal and anal rays. Preorbital bone usually narrower than eye diameter. Preopercular notch and knob poorly developed. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Juveniles with an oblique band extending from mouth to beginning of dorsal fin and a black spot at the caudal peduncle (Ref. 469). Body depth 2.5-3.0 in SL (Ref. 90102).
身體縱深。 頭部的背面輪廓斜的。 比距離小的上頜的長度打賭。 最後背鰭與臀鰭鰭條的基底。 眶前骨通常窄於眼直徑。 前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤發展不良的。 鱗片列背面斜向上升在側線上面。 稚魚有在尾梗從嘴巴延伸到背鰭起點與一個黑色的斑點的一個斜紋。
Adults inhabit trawling grounds and reefs. They are present over shoals, rubble, corals, large epibenthos, hard or sandy mud substrates and offshore reefs (Ref. 6390). Usually in groups (Ref. 90102). Juveniles from about 2.5 cm length inhabit shallow waters over muddy substrates (Ref. 6390). Feed on a broad range of prey dominated by fish, and with small amounts of crustaceans, cephalopods and other benthic invertebrates (Ref. 6390). They forage mostly at night (Ref. 6390). They are marketed either gilled and gutted, whole as fillets, as fresh chilled or frozen product (Ref. 6390).
棲息於拖網漁場與礁。 它們出現淺灘，碎石，珊瑚，大的淺海底生物群，堅硬或沙的泥底部與外海礁石上。 (參考文獻 6390) 稚魚從大約棲息於在泥質底部上的淺水域的 2.5 公分長度。 (參考文獻 6390) 捕食被魚控制的大範圍的獵物, 與和少量的甲殼動物, 頭足類動物與其他的底棲無脊椎動物.(參考文獻 6390) 他們大部份覓食在晚上。 (參考文獻 6390) 他們被在市場上銷售去除內臟與鰓, 如魚排的全部, 如新鮮的冷凍或冷凍產品.(參考文獻 6390)
Are serial batch spawners (Ref. 6390).印度-西太平洋: 阿曼灣到東南亞, 向北至日本南部而且向南至澳洲北部。 這種已經被歸屬於 Lutjanus malabaricus(非 Schneider) 或 Lutjanus altifrontalis 由許多最近的命名者。 在紅海的發生需要證實。 (參考文獻 469,12541)
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.3 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1590 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.00776 - 0.02952), b=2.96 (2.80 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.21-0.39; tm=4; tmax=8; Fec=5 million).
Prior r = 0.66, 95% CL = 0.43 - 0.99, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.7 [15.5, 39.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.342 [0.214, 0.558] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.2, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.136 [0.091, 0.202] g/100g; Selenium = 73.1 [45.4, 124.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 154 [31, 621] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.308 [0.236, 0.442] mg/100g (wet weight);
