Platichthys flesus, European flounder : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758)

European flounder
Añada su observación en Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Platichthys flesus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
Sube tu fotos y Vídeos
Imágenes | Vídeos | Sellos, monedas, varios | Google image
Image of Platichthys flesus (European flounder)
Platichthys flesus
Foto de Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy/D. Terver

Clasificación / Nombres Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Etymology: Platichthys: Greek, platys = flat + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución Ecología

marino; agua dulce; salobre demersal; pH range: 7.5 - 8.2; catadromo (Ref. 138126); rango de profundidad 1 - 100 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 5°C - 25°C (Ref. 13614); 72°N - 30°N, 32°W - 45°E (Ref. 54704)

Distribución Territorios | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Mapa de puntos | Introducciones | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: coastal and brackish waters of western Europe and from the White Sea to the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Ref. 4705, Ref. 51442). Introduced into the USA and Canada accidentally through transport in ballast water (Ref. 1739). Asia: Iran (Ref. 39702).

Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad

Madurez: Lm 22.4, range 14 - 30 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 35388); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 30578); peso máximo publicado: 2.9 kg (Ref. 104349); edad máxima reportada: 15 años (Ref. 3944)

Descripción breve Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 53 - 62; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 37 - 46. Flatfish, its disc width less than half its length (Ref. 3137). Small mouth (Ref. 3137, Ref. 51442). Eyes mostly (70%) on right side (Ref. 3137, 51442), 79% of dextrally oriented flounder (n = 1076) in Bos, 2000 (Ref. 57574). Rough skin, especially along the lateral line and the basis of the dorsal and anal fin (Ref. 3137). Lateral line straight, slightly rounded over pectorals (Ref. 3137). Green-olive colored (Ref. 51442), the bottom side white (Ref. 3137). Irregular reddish spots on the eye side (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Migratory fish, which is most of the year found in estuaries (Ref. 51442). Adults occur on mud and sand bottom in shallow water, at sea and brackish; often entering freshwaters (Ref. 59043). During winter, adults retreat to deeper, warmer waters, where they spawn in spring (Ref. 30193). The growing larvae are moving to the coast (Ref. 51442). Larvae and early juveniles use selective tidal transport to migrate upstream rivers (Ref. 57575) using a range of triggers such as salinity, prey density and water temperature (Ref. 57573, 57574). Juveniles live in shallow coastal waters and estuaries (Ref. 57574), which are also the summer feeding grounds for the adults (Ref. 30193). Juveniles of less than a year old feed on plankton and larvae of insects, juveniles of more than a year and adults feed on benthic fauna (Ref. 51442), including small fishes and invertebrates (Ref. 30193). Nocturnal and burrowing (Ref. 30193). Marketed fresh and frozen; can be steamed, fried, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Worms and mollusks are excellent baits for line fishing (Ref. 30578).

Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Spawns in the water column (Ref. 7471). Produces 400,000 to 2,000,000 eggs for each female (Ref. 51442).

Referencia principal Suba sus referencias | Referencias | Coordinador : Amaoka, Kunio | Colaboradores

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 25 August 2022

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Amenaza para el ser humano

  Harmless





Usos humanos

Pesquerías: comercial; Acuicultura: experimental; pesca deportiva: si
FAO - Sistemas de acuicultura: producción; pesquerías: desembarques, perfil de la especie; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Ciclo de vida
Reproducción
Madurez
Madurez/Gills rel.
Fecundidad
Puesta
Agregaciones de desove
Huevos
Desarrollo de los huevos
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Anatomía
Superficie branquial
Cerebro
Otolito
Genética
Genoma
Genética
Heterocigosidad
heritabilidad
Diversidad genética
Relacionados con el ser humano
Sistemas de acuicultura
Perfiles de acuicultura
Razas
Ciguatera cases
Sellos, monedas, varios
Divulgación
Colaboradores
Referencias
Referencias

Herramientas

Informes especiales

Descargar XML

Fuentes de Internet

Estimaciones basadas en modelos

Temperatura preferida (Referencia 123201): 7.2 - 14.2, mean 10.2 °C (based on 862 cells).
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804):  PD50 = 0.5625   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00671 - 0.00858), b=3.07 (3.03 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278):  3.3   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.4 (3.1 - 5.5) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13 growth studies.
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179):  Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (K=0.22-0.3; tm=2-5; tmax=15; Fec= 2 million).
Prior r = 0.56, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.83, Based on 5 full stock assessments.
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100). 🛈
Vulnerabilidad climática (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100). 🛈
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrientes (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 33.1 [14.0, 58.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.26 [0.13, 0.49] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.6, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.322 [0.161, 0.627] g/100g; Selenium = 14.7 [7.4, 32.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.9 [1.9, 26.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.509 [0.347, 0.750] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.