分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Cichlinae
Etymology: Cichla: Greek, kichle = wrasse (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Agassiz.
Issue
Redescription based on Peruvian material in Kullander (1986:1), with diagnosis, description, distribution and illustrations.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 7.0 - ?. 熱帶; 25°C - 28°C (Ref. 13614)
South America: Rio Solimões-Amazonas along the main channel and lower courses of tributaries; Peru, Colombia and Brazil; including Araguari and lower Oyapock rivers north of the Amazon. Probably much more widespread in the lowland Amazon basin.
南美洲: Rio Solimoes-Amazonas 沿著主要的峽道與支流的下游; 祕魯，哥倫比亞與巴西; 包括 Araguari 與亞馬遜河低 Oyapock 河北方。 可能更加廣泛分佈在低地的亞馬遜河流域。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 50805); 最大體重: 9.0 kg (Ref. 35237)
Diagnosis: This species is similar to C. kelberi and C. pleiozona in having three dark vertical bars on side, presence of a pronounced occipital bar in large specimens, absence of black or ocellated markings laterally on head, and presence of irregular dark blotches on anterior abdominal side. Differs from C. pleiozona by having less scales in a lateral row (68-87 vs. 84-93 in C. pleiozona) and typical absence of dark vertical bar anteriorly on caudal peduncle, and from C. kelberi by absence of light spots on anal and pelvic fins and lower caudal fin (Ref. 57716).
Specimens collected were from flood prone areas, but in the Amazon the biotopes are more varied. This fish forays along the shore where small fishes may be concentrated. Juveniles feed on shrimps, while adults are almost exclusively piscivore. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Males are sexually mature after one year while females mature after two years. During reproduction which is not markedly seasonal, large males develop a frontal hump and become territorial (Ref. 35237). Maximum length 80 cm TL (Ref. 35237).
收集的標本來自洪水向下的區域，但是在亞馬遜河生存環境更不同。 攻擊沿著的這一個魚小魚可能是的海岸集中.。 稚魚吃蝦, 雖然成魚魚食性幾乎只是。 卵生的.(參考文獻 205) 雄性在一年之後性成熟，雌性在二年之後成熟。 在繁殖的時候是不是顯著季節性又大的雄性一個前的隆起而且變成具有領域性。 (參考文獻 35237) 最大的長度 80 公分TL.(參考文獻 35237)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 205). May spawn 3-4 times a year in batches of 50 to 100 eggs, each spawning lasting 2-3 hours (Ref. 50805).南美洲: Rio Solimoes-Amazonas 沿著主要的峽道與支流的下游; 祕魯，哥倫比亞與巴西; 包括 Araguari 與亞馬遜河低 Oyapock 河北方。 可能更加廣泛分佈在低地的亞馬遜河流域。
Kullander, S.O. and E.J.G. Ferreira, 2006. A review of the South American cichlid genus Cichla, with descriptions of nine new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 17(4):289-398. (Ref. 57716)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 November 2020
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
工具
特別的報告
下載 XML
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00693 - 0.01992), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec=150-400).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
