Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 51243). Tropical
Asia: India and Irrawaddy in Myanmar (Ref. 41236), Mekong, Chao Phraya, Salween basins and also northern Malay Peninsula (Ref. 27732).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 30857)
Has a pair of short maxillary barbels (Ref. 27732).
Inhabit shady areas and muddy bottoms in deep hill streams. Adults usually collected in clear water with moderate to swift currents, juveniles in quiet pools further downstream (Ref. 27732). Found in medium to large-sized rivers, flooded fields and rapid-running mountain streams (Ref. 12975). Diet consists of insects and small fishes. (Ref. 12693). One of the most delicious fish in Nepal (Ref. 9496). Rarely seen in markets.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00282 - 0.01229), b=3.02 (2.84 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.63 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).